Our earlier work [Wei QL, Yan H. Congestion and returns to scale in data envelopment analysis. European Journal of Operational Research 2004;153:641-60] discussed necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of congestion together with aspects of returns to scale under an output-oriented...

This work introduces a bi-objective generalized data envelopment analysis (Bi-GDEA) model and defines its efficiency. We show the equivalence between the Bi-GDEA efficiency and the non-dominated solutions of the multi-objective programming problem defined on the production possibility set (PPS)...

Most of evaluation methods on large number of candidates are based a single criterion. To bring the multiple attribute evaluation method Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) into evaluating large number of elements, it needs to set up the performance standards and an evaluation procedure by the DEA...