Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has entered its third year and continues to affect most countries worldwide. Active surveillance, i.e. testing individuals irrespective of symptoms, presents a promising strategy to accurately measure the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to identify the most...

Optimization of an agent-based simulation (ABS) bears specific challenges. It is demonstrated in this paper that mainstream simulation-based optimization (SBO) approaches often do not perform well in such a setting, sometimes hardly outperforming a mere random search. Two new algorithms for SBO...