Despite a common parentage for most of the twentietch century, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan followed seemingly different … paths in the transition to a market economy. Uzbekistan adopted a cautious gradual approach to market reform, while … Kazakhstan followed a more aggresive strategy. But has Kazakhstan done better economically? …

industry of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The working paper is structured into four different sections. In the first … and abundance of hydrocarbon reserves. These hydrocarbon reserves are located mainly in three countries: Kazakhstan …, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Each of them has taken different path regarding its foreign policy and the regulation of investments …

challenges resulting from falling commodity prices, declining trade and lower migrant remittances. The main policy challenge is …