In this paper, a theoretical relationship is obtained to measure the effect that inefficiency has on marginal costs, degree of economies of scale and technical change. It is shown that when the relationship between inefficiency and output level is ignored, the estimation of marginal costs and...

Port infrastructure has characteristics that are classified by quasi-fixed inputs, meaning they cannot be immediately adjusted, contributing to the production of transport services over long periods of time. Another important characteristic of port infrastructure is that its current technology...