Although measuring democratic deliberation is necessary for a valid measurement of the performance of democracies, it … performance is the need for a theoretical and methodological approach for “upscaling” the measurement of deliberation from the … aggregation which can be adjusted to make the measurement of democratic deliberation compatible with the various general …

We compile data for 186 countries (1919 - 2016) and apply different aggregation methods to create new democracy indices … produces upward-biased OLS and 2SLS estimates. The results of an analysis of the effect of democracy on economic growth show …

linkages between trade unions, democratization and union democracy and concludes with a reflection on the new concerns about … sustaining industrial and political democracy; however, there is a debate about the conditions under which unions can be … effective, and the role of unions’ internal democracy is particularly controversial. The article discusses the theoretical …

We develop a theory of endogenous regimes transitions (with a focus on democratic consolidation), which emphasizes the … individual commitment across citizens to defend democracy against a potential military coup, and it is an endogenous state … and the state. Parents invest resources in order to transmit their own political values (commitment to democracy) to their …