This paper proposes a model-free approach to analyze panel data with heterogeneous dynamic structures across observational units. We first compute the sample mean, autocovariances, and autocorrelations for each unit, and then estimate the parameters of interest based on their empirical...

We develop new procedures to quantify the statistical uncertainty of data-driven clustering algorithms. In our panel setting, each unit belongs to one of a finite number of latent groups with group-specific regression curves. We propose methods for computing unit-wise and joint confidence sets...

This paper develops a new model and estimation procedure for panel data that allows us to identify heterogeneous structural breaks. We model individual heterogeneity using a grouped pattern. For each group, we allow common structural breaks in the coefficients. However, the number, timing, and...