agencies' reform efforts and on public sector employees' motivation and productivity-have not yet been examined. The Department … productivity and push reforms, as well as government employees' individual and team-level motivations and productivity. The DBM …

performance evaluations over time provide effective incentives …

improves efficiency and reduces turnover and absenteeism. The effects on productivity depend on the type of scheme employed … (individual or group performance) and its design (commissions, piece-rate or sharing schemes). Individual incentives demonstrate … the largest effect, while group or team incentives are smaller in magnitude. The case for government intervention through …

, which can ultimately impede the productivity of the team. To address this problem, we conduct a field experiment at a … managers, coupled with bonuses based on their leadership rank among all leaders. Our intervention increased worker productivity … by approximately 7%, while leaving team leaders' productivity unchanged, and was profitable for the firm. During the …