The water, energy and food nexus approach was studied and assessed in this research in a period namely between 2009-2018 in the Middle East and North Africa countries and accordingly the results show that the nexus between water, food and energy have not been established in the Middle East and...

With regards to the population growth and urbanization growth, food supply and food security both are among one of the most serious challenges for the countries of the Middle East and North Africa and such challenge can become as the main dilemma and problem for MENA region countries together...

We employ the Markov Regime-Switching GARCH (MRS- GARCH) family models under the normal, Student's t-, and GED distributions to measure the uncertainty of the industry index returns (IIR) of Tehran Stock Exchange over the period of 2013-2019. The models distinguish between two different regimes...

We employ the Markov Regime-Switching GARCH (MRS- GARCH) family models under the normal, Student's t-, and GED distributions to measure the uncertainty of the industry index returns (IIR) of Tehran Stock Exchange over the period of 2013-2019. The models distinguish between two different regimes...

The high cost of purchasing high technology and severe sanctions imposed on Iran over the last decade are the reasons why economical alternatives should be assessed, such as the use of second hand technology. There is evidence to show that in Iran the use of second-hand equipment in the...

The high cost of purchasing high technology and severe sanctions imposed on Iran over the last decade are the reasons why economical alternatives should be assessed, such as the use of second hand technology. There is evidence to show that in Iran the use of second-hand equipment in the...