Energy consumption intensity and production density play important roles in economic development. This paper examines convergence clubs for per capita coal consumption and coal production in 30 Chinese provinces between 2000 and 2020. The dynamic evolutionary features are analyzed. The methods...

Based on system theory and the configuration perspective, this study uses the panel data-based qualitative comparison (PD-QCA) method in R and the panel data of the energy systems of China and the 'Belt and Road' countries from 1998 to 2020 to analyze the driving factors that affect the green...