The EMS crisis of 1992-1993, which resulted in the widening of the exchange rate bands, may have had some impact on the long-run structure of the system consisting of daily 1-month-Eurorates on German Mark, US-Dollar and French Franc. First, we find that both the US Eurorate and the...

The paper aims at understanding why and how central banks have intervened in foreign exchange markets, and whether intervention was (i) coordinated, (ii) sterilized, and (iii) effective. The experience in the G-3 context is compared to the past EMS experience. In addition to foreign exchange...

The impact of exchange rate fluctuations on international trade has long been a major concern for policy makers. This is particularly the case in Europe, where countries trade extensively with each other. The crisis that began in the Summer of 1992 generated increased exchange rate fluctuations...

This paper considers the optimal choice of the numeraire for the curency conversion that will constitute the final step in the transition from EMS to EMU. At the moment it seems to be understood that the current basket-structured ECU will be chosen for this purpose. We argue that this choice is...