We use a panel cointegration model with multiple time- varying individual effects to control for the enigmatic missing factors in the credit spread puzzle. Our model specification enables as to capture the unobserved dynamics of the systematic risk premia in the bond market. In order to estimate...

A notion of ''behavioral heterogeneity'' of a finite population of households is modelled. It is shown that the higher the degree of behavioral heterogeneity the less sensitive depends the aggregate consumption expenditure ratio upon prices.As a consequence, behavioral heterogeneity implies a...

The following question is analyzed: under what circumstances can one a stable (i.e., time invariant) functional relationship which links aggregate consumption in period t with aggregate income in period t and another "determinants" of consumtion that refer to periods prior to period t and can be...

The paper is about the economic modelling of aggregate consumption expenditure with particular emphasis on the distribution effects of income. Under certain assumptions on the evolution over time of the population of households ("structural stability") we shall derive a first order approximation...

It is shown how one can effectively use microdata in modelling the change over time in an aggregate (e.g. mean consumption expenditure) of a large and heterogeneous population. The starting point of our aggregation analysis is a specification of explanatory variables on the micro-level....

This paper deals with different concepts of income elasticities of demand for a heterogenous population and the relationship between individual and aggregate elasticities is analyzed. In general, the aggregate elasticity is  not equal to the mean of individual elasticities. The difference...

Non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) estimators based on linear programming methods have been widely applied in analyses of productive efficiency. The distributions of these estimators remain unknown except in the simple case of one input and one output, and previous bootstrap methods...

We study changes of the distribution of income, age, occupation, household size via their marginal and conditional densities. The data consists of cross sectional samples from the population of Brithish households drawn over the years of 1968 - 1995. Estimation is carried out nonparametrically...