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In this paper, we calculate the necessary payroll tax to reach the financial equilibrium of the retirement system for formal workers in the private sector in Brazil (INSS). Such an exercise allows us to identify the formal employees who contribute to the increase of the INSS deficit. Although we...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004968532
The aim of this paper is to introduce a model of student flows. Starting with two years of the Brazilian Household Survey PNAD (2002 and 2003), school transition rates are identified for primary school and high school. These rates are used to project the education- related data in PNAD until...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005032293
The research on the relation between school quality and student achievement have many different results, but most analysts conclude that the school quality has little influence on student performance, as compared to background characteristics. However, there are evidences that difficulties using...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005032294
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005056635
This article analyzes the financial equilibrium of the retirement system for public servants in Brazil. After defining the theoretical model, the strategy of analysis consists in the estimate for each public servant in the PNAD-IBGE, the necessary payroll tax to finance the expected benefits. It...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085913
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of motherhood on the engagement of women in the labor market. To deal with the endogeneity inherent to the relation children-engagement, the event of 'stillborn' was used as an instrument to fertility. In addition to the traditional estimation...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085916
Education is fundamental for social and economic development and school finance is one of the main features of an educational system. Assuming that a greater amount of resources brings more school quality, one can say that an "appropriate" primary and secondary school finance system should...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005001605
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005001643