This paper advocates the use of what we term a CC (command control) method for explaining the behavior of economic systems in the transition from command to market economies. The specific implementation involves controlling Polish money balances for the effects of price deformation or shortage...

This paper attempts to cast light on the debate about the existence and size of a monetary overhang in household money balances in command economies. Four measures of shortage or price deformation are constructed for the Polish economy and used to test for the existence of ''shortage''money...