This research demonstrates an overview of the performance of water quality trading programs currently implemented within the U.S. The role of trading in water quality management is identified through systematical comparisons of all possible aspects related to trading process, structure, and...

Over the last several decades, local transport authorities in Europe and around the world have introduced competitive bidding in concessions for providing bus service, often resulting in reduced costs for service. The main caveat to this approach is that without proper oversight by the...

The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) could significantly contribute to reductions in carbon dioxide emissions from personal vehicle transportation in the United States over the next century, depending on the cost-competitiveness of the vehicle, the relative cost of refined fuels and...

The purpose of this study is to investigate and provide a general overview of the Nigerian construction industry, its role in the national economy, the main participants in the industry, the problems that they face, and the opportunities that exist within the industry. Over the last decade,...

The main aim of this study is to provide a theoretical framework and methodology to estimate and analyze the economic impact of freight disruption due to highway closure. The costs in this study will be classified into three groups: private operating costs for carriers, logistics and scheduling...

Several recently emerged Internet services make use of application-level or overlay networks. Examples of such services include overlay multicast, structured peer-to- peer lookup services, and peer-to-peer file sharing. Many of these services could benefit from enabling participating end hosts...

Recommender systems, also known as personalization systems, are a popular technique for reducing information overload and finding items that are of interest to the user. Increasingly, people are turning to these systems to help them find the information that is most valuable to them. A variety...

Over the last ten years, the rapid growth of low-cost airlines and the development of web-based distribution of airline tickets have transformed the competitive environment in the airline industry worldwide. The relaxation of fares rules by low-cost airlines has disrupted the pricing and revenue...

(cont.) off-peak ridership, is at or slightly below break-even with respect to net benefits if the CTA cost structure and tax source of subsidy remains unchanged. In order to justify any significant additional long-term funding for the purpose of growing ridership, the CTA should make...

Management is often frustrated by the lack of motivation generated by end of the year bonuses. Currently, there are two compensation ideals, merit-based versus incentive-based. Merit based compensation correlates compensation to one's job performance, whereas incentive based on set goals and...