This paper presents a framework that helps researchers to design and validate both formative and reflective measurement models. The framework draws from the existing literature and includes both theoretical and empirical considerations. Two important examples, one from international business and...

The Integration-Responsiveness framework of Prahalad and Doz (1987) has been used extensively in the international business literature to typify the diverse and often-conflicting environmental pressures confronting firms as they expand worldwide. Although the IR framework has been successfully...

Among many leading organizations, in all sectors of industry, commerce and government, there is considerable evidence of e-business being deployed to achieve strategic goals. Where this deployment has been most successful, there is a strong case that the organization has taken an integrated...

The conceptual debate between Hamel and Pralahad (1990) in Harvard Business Review (68(3),79-93) and Stalk, Evans, and Schulman (1992) in Harvard Business Review (70(2), 4-9) focused the attention of both scholars and executives on the role of those bundles of assets, resources, and processes...

Purpose ? There is a great divide between the degree to which academic research accounts for the role of managerial discretion in firm performance and the weight given by the popular press and financial community to the importance of the management of an organization. The purpose of this paper...

Although the integration-responsiveness framework has been used extensively in the international business and strategy literature, empirical validation of the framework has largely focussed on the strategy and structure of MNCs in response to the environmental pressures confronted by the firm....

The concept of sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) originated in the strategic management literature, in particular, the literature on the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm. Barney argued that to gain sustainable competitive advantage, firms must possess resources and capabilities that...

Many empirical examinations of foreign direct investment location choice haverelied on the use of secondary data and surveys on the choices made by firmsabout the form and location of overseas investment. These studies have twoinherent and related problems. First, they rely solely on the...

The analysis; of voluntary disclosure by a corporation's management has become an increasingly important area of research in finance and accounting. Voluntary disclosure is the revelation of information above and beyond that required by formal accounting and regulatory standards. This paper...

Business-to-business information technology systems are becoming increasingly important in firm supply chains. Utilizing the concept of modularity, this article clarifies the strategic implications of B2B technology. There are two generic B2B strategies: modularization, which allows a firm to...