Most of the Euro-zone economic short-term indicators are computed through aggregation from Member States data. The seasonally adjusted figures can be calculated by seasonally adjusting the aggregate (direct approach) or aggregating the seasonally adjusted national data (indirect approach)....

The visual information on a series may be greatly enhanced by computing and plotting smoothed points. Among the methods employed, non-linear smoothers based upon running medians provide a practical method of extracting a smooth curve from data involving long-tailed or contaminated noise. This...

Most of the Euro-zone economic short-term indicators are computed through aggregation from Member States data. The seasonally adjusted figures can be calculated by seasonally adjusting the aggregate (direct approach) or aggregating the seasonally adjusted national data (indirect approach)....