Elements of an econometric examination of benchmark revisions in real-time data are suggested. Structural break tests may be applied to detect heterogeneities within vintages. Systems cointegration tests are helpful to reveal inconsistencies across vintages. Differencing and rebasing, often used...

A widely used method in the analysis of complex econometric models is to replace the "true model" by a highly simplified aggregative one in which the variables are grouped and replaced by sums or weighted averages of the variables in each group. The analysis of the problem of choosing an...