The paper discusses the three major problems that Deaton and Heston identify that make it difficult to construct consistent estimates of real output across countries: (i) the choice of a multilateral index number formula; (ii) weak national accounts estimates of country expenditures on the 155...

This paper develops a novel multilateral test approach to the problem of international comparisons. Many of the associated tests are justified as "reasonable" using the fact that they are direct analogues to properties of the cost-of-living index. Further support is bestowed upon the new...

This paper develops a novel multilateral test approach to the problem of international comparisons. Many of the associated tests are justi¯ed as\reasonable" using the fact that they are direct analogues to properties of the cost-of-living index. Further support is bestowed upon the new approach...

The paper establishes a basis in economic theory for solving the problem of how to make comparisons of aggregate quantities and price levels across two or more geographic regions. To this end, two new classes of relative purchasing power measures are set out and the dual relationships between...

It is often the case that the value of a number of somewhat similar units (e. g., automobiles of a certain general type) is divided by the number of units in order to form a unit value price and these unit value prices are compared over two periods in order to form a unit value price index. This...

The Norwegian productivity puzzle is rooted in three seemingly contradictory “facts”: First, Norway is one of the most productive OECD countries. Second, Norway has experienced high growth in productivity. Third, Norway has a relatively low level of R&D intensity. In this article, I show...

The Norwegian productivity puzzle is rooted in three seemingly contradictory "facts": First, Norway is one of the most productive OECD countries. Second, Norway has experienced high growth in productivity. Third, Norway has a relatively low level of R&D intensity. In this article, I show that...