In this chapter, we aim to establish whether liberalization and accompanying regulatory arrangements have delivered the expected efficiency gains. In section I, we discuss the theoretical issues and demonstrate that ‘marketable’ yet simplistic arguments in favour of liberalization tend to...

Purpose The method of understanding and managing the diversity within a business is at the heart of the reasoning behind the concept of ‘supply chain segmentation’. The overarching principle is to find economical segments within the diverse product and customer mix and to match...

Purpose Pharmaceutical distributors and wholesalers have played a key part in the pharmaceutical products supply chains in the United Kingdom and the USA for many years (HDMA, 2009). Their role is changing as control of the “space” between manufacturers and retailers has become contested...

The international textiles and apparel trade has been one of the most contentious trade issues between the developed and developing countries. Restrictions have been imposed in terms of quota and tariffs on imports since the 1950s. In January 2005, after the phasing out of the multi fire...

The international textiles and apparel trade has been one of the most contentious trade issues between the developed and developing countries. Restrictions have been imposed in terms of quota and tariffs on imports since the 1950s. In January 2005, after the phasing out of the multi fire...

There is evidence of a negative cross-country correlation between gender wage and employment gaps. We argue that non-random selection of women into work explains an important part of such correlation and thus of the observed variation in wage gaps. The idea is that, if women who are employed...

We generate an original dataset on bribe payments at two competing ports in Southern Africa that allows us to take an unusually close look at the relationship between bureaucratic organization, bribe-setting behavior and the costs corruption imposes on users of public services. We find that the...

"R&D, Innovation and Competitiveness in the European Chemical Industry" explores the science and technology base and the dynamic performance of the European "system of innovation" in the chemical industry, with particular attention to its contribution to economic growth through innovation and...

Aims and Background: In this retail sector study commissioned by OECD to inform the expert meeting on distribution services to be held on November 17 2010, the aims are to: * explain how and why the retail sector has internationalised its operations over the past two decades and the...

This paper analyzes the global dynamics of a convex overlapping generations model with land and analyzes the implications of international capital mobility in this model. It shows that this model can explain some of the stylised facts of the growth literature which cannot be explained by the...