Ploeg, Frederick van der; Poelhekke, Steven - de Nederlandsche Bank - 2009
The volatility of unanticipated output growth in income per capita is detrimental to long-run development, controlling … dependence, physical and institutional barriers to trade and associated policy shocks increase volatility sharply and harm growth … for initial income per capita, population growth, human capital, investment, openness and natural resource dependence …