To deal with changes of capitalized seignorage due to EMU, we supply the still missing capital-theoretical framework …. We show that seignorage pooling of EMU is composed of two components, a dynamic component and a static component. By its … dynamic component, the pool provides insurance against seignorage losses from changes of national shares in European …

Union (EMU) ; Euro ; seignorage ; seignorage pooling ; seignorage change ; pool bias …To deal with changes of capitalized seignorage due to EMU, we supply the still missing capital-theoretical framework …. We show that seignorage pooling of EMU is composed of two components, a dynamic component and a static component. By its …

throughout the Euro zone for the last five years. Officially preaching financial integration in order to ensure stability of the …

We present a new approach to study empirically the effect of the introduction of the euro on currency invoicing. Our … home currency invoicing after the introduction of the euro. In addition, the euro as a vehicle currency has overtaken the … role of the US dollar in Norwegian imports. The econometric analysis shows a significant effect of euro introduction above …

the euro which has shown the weaknesses of the European institutions and stressed the heterogeneity of member countries …. The global financial crisis struck the euro area very severely because it coincided with the lack of appropriate policy … euro. In the following section it describes the euro crisis and examines the remedies put in place, noting that despite the …

In this paper we study how the introduction of the euro has affected corporate financing in Europe. We use firm …-level data from eleven euro area countries as well as from a control group of five other European countries spanning the years … 1991–2006. We show that firms from euro area countries that previously had weak currencies have increased both their equity …

The global economic and financial crisis has raised further concerns about the euro-entry criteria, in addition to … price level convergence of Central and Eastern European countries, and the continuous violation of the criteria by euro … relate all criteria to the average of the euro area and simultaneously to extend the compliance period from the currently …