This paper investigates the effect of trade integration on military conflict. Our empirical analysis,based on a large … panel data set of 290,040 country-pair observations from 1950 to 2000, confirms that an increase in bilateral trade … interdependence and global trade openness significantly promotes peace. It also suggests that the effect of trade openness varies …

consider the policy actions needed to reduce obstacles to trade. The paper places special emphasis on Cambodia’s exports to the … People’s Republic of China (PRC), given the major export opportunities arising from the free trade agreement (FTA) between …

There is a general consensus that trade between East Asia and South America is becoming increasingly important. However …, we know little about the actual dynamic development of this inter-regional trade. This paper examines whether the trend … of East Asia–South America trade is a general phenomena or a country- and commodity-specific issue, and whether the …

As tariffs are increasingly being reduced, trade economists and policymakers have begun to emphasize the importance of … reducing non-tariff trade costs to facilitate international trade flows. However, the measurement of trade costs and transport … their country’s trade facilitation status (improvement as well as deterioration) at the commodity level, to be able to …

Previous studies on the impacts of free trade agreements (FTAs) in East Asia have assumed full utilization of … utilization rates. Furthermore, the potential for trade deflection combined with possible retaliatory actions could negatively …

container charges incurred for goods traded across borders—represent trade costs obtained from the World Bank’s Doing Business … to consider the issue of export endogeneity in the estimation. Moreover, it highlights the failure of the current trade …

-Pacific Partnership (TPP) suggests that the world trade system is fragmenting to the point it appears more like a jigsaw puzzle than a … spaghetti bowl. There are both regional and global jigsaw puzzles to be solved—in that order—to clean up the world trade system …. But is this even likely? The difficulties of free trade agreement (FTA) consolidation at the regional level are well known …

This paper explores the relationship between preferential and multilateral trade liberalization at the sectoral level …. While in some industries, complementary effects between both kinds of trade liberalization are observed, in others no …

marketoriented commercial policies in the late 1970s drove trade-led growth in the giants, the PRC’s reforms were swifter and more … comprehensive free trade agreements (FTAs) with Asia’s developing economies. India has attempted to develop more effective … commercial policies since 1991, especially to attract FDI and liberalize imports. Therefore, one might expect the gap in trade …