Since becoming fully operational in October of 2009, the CCI has brought two public investigations involving SEPs, both against Ericsson and both based upon allegations that the company violated its FRAND commitments by imposing discriminatory and “excessive” royalty rates and using NDAs....

Investigations and litigation involving standard-essential patents (SEPs) have been brought around the world. In the last several years, India has drawn attention to itself by raising several novel and controversial concerns regarding SEPs. For example, in 2013 and 2014, the Competition...

State and local governments and all federal grantees must operate their programs. services. and activities are readily accessible to persons with disabilities when the program, service, or activity is viewed in its entirety. This Article submits that courts should adopt an expansive reading of...

Affirmative action under Executive Order 11246 ranks among the most controversial of domestic federal policies.This study asks whether affirmative action has been successful in promoting the employment of minorities and females. It compares the change in demographics between 1974 and 1980 at...

If promotion in a hierarchy is based on a random signal of ability, rates of promotion will be affected by risk-taking. Further, the numbers and abilities of risk-takers and non-risk-takers will be different at each stage of the hierarchy, and the ratio will be changing. I show that, under mild...

Theorists have propounded certain compelling solutions to the issue of FRAND terms and its antitrust risks. Some argue that the goals of antitrust enforcement would be best served by allowing SSOs to operate without fear of antitrust liability when fixing the price terms of licenses for...

This paper reviews some recent empirical analyses of the impact of affirmative action and anti-discrimination law on employment and productivity.The major findings are that:1)Affirmative action has some success in improving employment opportunities for minorities and females, particularly for...

In 2012 Brazilian public universities were mandated to use affirmative action policies for candidates from racial and income minorities. We show that the policy makes the students' affirmative action status a strategic choice, and may reject high-achieving minority students while admitting...

The purpose of this series of articles is to give an overview of the impact of the EU law on equal treatment on relevant Hungarian labor law. In the previous part (Part I), a short description was given on the status of national provisions as existed before the implementation of the relevant EU...

The concept of FRAND licensing has been widely debated for years. It is not an exaggeration to call the stream of scholarly papers a flood. And since 2015, the Court of Justice of the European Union and many national courts have weighed in as well. Yet notwithstanding the apparent abundance of...

Discrimination law, around the world and particularly in the UK, has largely ignored discrimination based on class. This article makes two main arguments. There is a specific argument: UK lawmakers should amend the Equality Act 2010 to introduce class as a ‘protected characteristic' because...

Gender-based board quotas do not always lead to higher share of women in top management positions. We study the consequences of an affirmative action policy that stipulates gender- and race-based targets in top management positions, beyond boards. We focus on the representation of intersectional...

We develop a model in which many heterogeneous agents invest in human capital as they compete for better college admission slots or employment opportunities. The model provides theoretical predictions about how affirmative action or preferential treatment policies change the distribution of...