Im Jahre 1999 betrugen die GKV-Ausgaben für apothekenpflichtige Arzneimittel im Rezept DM 36,15 Mrd. Der Vertriebskostenanteil in Form der Apothekenbetriebsspanne betrug 27,3 % des Bruttoumsatzes. Die Leistungsausgaben der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen im Rahmen des Versorgungsauftrages für...

In den letzten Jahren ist die ökologische Betroffenheit in vielen Branchen aufgrund gesetzlicher Verordnungen, umweltorientierter Konsumentenforderungen und einem ökologieorientierten Wettbewerbsdruck ständig gestiegen. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat sich die Arbeit eine umfassende theoretische...

We respond to recent failed initiatives of the Czech banking market to develop business models for the sale of retail deposit products, based on third-party distribution channels. We argue that the issue is the application of inappropriate capital budgeting methods. While static cost-benefit...

A company operating various sales channels, e.g. the Internet and a traditional shop, inevitably faces a tricky coordination problem. As prevalent approaches often do not lead to a satisfying solution, the author suggests a normative model to offer directions for the optimal channel...

"This book examines the aspects of forward supply chain, i.e. sales as well as distribution or channel management. It discusses the management of a sales force and how to get the maximum benefit out of a team"--

"Social Media Strategy provides a simple, structured way to create integrated customer engagement and social media campaigns that work. Organizations often talk of digital planning but struggle to know which channels to invest in, how to integrate them with content marketing activity, or fail to...

We provide a novel intuition for the observation that many brand manufacturers have restricted their retailers' ability to resell brand products online. Our approach builds on models of salience according to which price disparities across distribution channels guide a consumer’s attention...

Distribution of food products includes all activities which ensure the passage of these categories of goods, from traders producers, to end consumers or users. On this regard, it will be presented the following: distribution channel and its dimensions, innovation strategy of industrial...

A challenge for many cartels is avoiding a destabilizing increase in non-cartel supply in response to having raised price. In the case of the German cement cartel that operated over 1991-2002, the primary source of non-cartel supply was imports from Eastern European cement manufacturers....

This paper studies how a retailer decides the length of product line in a vertically related industry. We study a market with two product varieties. Each retailer decides the number of varieties it procures from an upstream manufacturer. The manufacturer may open an online store and encroach on...

This study examines, using quantile regression, the linkage between food security andefforts to enhance smallholder coffee producer incomes in Rwanda. Even though in Rwanda smallholder coffee producer incomes have increased, inhabitants these areas still experience stunting and wasting. This...

We provide a model in which upstream producers, whose production cost is quadratic in quantity, sell their products through two distribution channels, a traditional channel and an external retailer. Some producers (called "large" producers) supply to both channels, whereas other producers...

The design of the distribution system is a Strategie issue for almost every Company. The Problem of locating facilities and allocating customers Covers the core topics of distribution system design. Model formulations and Solution algorithms which address the issue vary widely in terms of...

Lange Zeit wurde die Wahl zwischen den Absatzformen des Handelsvertreters und des festangestellten Reisenden als ein Problem der damit verbundenen Entlohnungskosten angesehen. Handelsvertreter erhalten nämlich für ihre Tätigkeit in der Regel ausschließlich eine Provision proportional zum...

In der jüngsten Vergangenheit wird der Effizienz und Effektivität von Funktionen, die von Unternehmen selbst wahrgenommen werden, erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt. Während diese Diskussion bisher auf den Bereich der Beschaffung und Produktion beschränkt war, wird neuerdings im Rahmen von...

In den USA wird ein stark ansteigender Teil der Handelsumsätze im Wege des Electronic Shopping von Konsumenten über das World Wide Web abgewickelt. Folgt die Entwicklung in Deutschland diesem Trend, so sind nachhaltige Strukturveränderungen für Handelsunternehmen zu erwarten. Aufgrund der...