Economic histories of the interwar years view the Great Depression and the Smoot Hawley Tariff as inextricably bound up with one another. They assign a central role to the Depression in explaining the passage of the 1930 Tariff Act and at the same time emphasize the role of the tariff in the...

This paper provides quantitative estimates of the impact of removing agricultural support (both tariffs and subsidies) in partial- and general-equilibrium frameworks. The results show that agricultural support in industrial countries is highly distortionary and tariffs have a larger...

Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have become the major route for countries to reduce trade barriers and open new markets. To fully assess the current state of market opening for agricultural products and examine the potential impacts of RTAs, access to up-to-date and consistent information on...

We present a simple model linking infection risk from imports to a tariff. The risk causes the exporter of the infected product to face a higher tariff than would otherwise be the case. A numerical example is developed for U.S. beef imports from nations with Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease (FMD). The...

Standard analyses of social benefits of public agricultural research expenditures in the presence of commodity policies take the commodity policy as fixed. In reality governments adjust commodity policy levels when the research has important income distributional effects. We use two examples of...

The passage of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930 is one of the most widely studied events in political economy. Existing accounts of the patterns of political cleavages over the legislation – such as those of Schattschneider, Pastor and Eichengreen – focus on vote-trading, partisanship, and...

This paper aims at modeling a global CGE trade model for the EU15 subnational regions. This model is used to assess production reallocation across sectors in each EU15 region, assuming a scenario in which world tariff liberalization is implemented in the agricultural sector. The model is...

In response to the USA blocking Mexican trucks from traveling to the inland part of the USA, Mexico imposed tariffs on US fresh apple exports. This study analyzes the impacts of the Mexican tariff on USA, Mexican and world apple markets by using theoretical analysis and developing a spatial...

This discussion paper contains seven studies, designed to a) review, and assess the impact of the implementation of the Uruguay Round (UR) Agreement on Agriculture, and, b) to analyze the key issues, interests, and options for developing countries in the new World Trade Organization's (WTO)...

This paper empirically examines the effectiveness of a safeguard tariff in the Japanese market for imported pork parts. The goals are, first, to consider a refinement to the traditional market-based method for evasion detection, and, second, to apply the method in a setting where evasion is...

This paper empirically examines the effectiveness of a safeguard tariff in the Japanese market for imported pork parts. The goals are, first, to consider a refinement to the traditional market-based method for evasion detection, and, second, to apply the method in a setting where evasion is...

This paper aims at modeling a global CGE trade model for the EU15 subnational regions. This model is used to assess production reallocation across sectors in each EU15 region, assuming a scenario in which world tariff liberalization is implemented in the agricultural sector. The model is...

To analyze the effects of prospective policy changes, sectoral and economy-wide modelers need to begin with baseline estimates of policy induced price distortions. Global trade modelers mostly use the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) protection database, which currently relies heavily on...

At the Uruguay Round, tariff rate quotas (TRQs) were intended to serve two purposes: first, to prevent that tariffication would lead – at least on the short term – to a deterioration of market access and second, to create new, minimum market access. The since then observed fill rates do not...

At the Uruguay Round, tariff rate quotas (TRQs) were intended to serve two purposes: first, to prevent that tariffication would lead - at least on the short term - to a deterioration of market access and second, to create new, minimum market access. The since then observed fill rates do not...

Zollkontingente sind zweistufige, mengenabhängige Zollsätze. Sie wurden in den letzten Jahren interessant, weil nach dem Abschluss der Uruguay-Runde verstärkt Importquoten in Zollkontingente umgewandelt wurden, um dem Ziel der Tarifizierung mengenbeschränkender Handelshemmnisse Rechnung zu...

Zollkontingente sind zweistufige, mengenabhängige Zollsätze. Sie wurden in den letzten Jahren interessant, weil nach dem Abschluss der Uruguay-Runde verstärkt Importquoten in Zollkontingente umgewandelt wurden, um dem Ziel der Tarifizierung mengenbeschränkender Handelshemmnisse Rechnung zu...

In diesem Beitrag werden erste Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung der Zollkontingente, die im Zuge der Uruguay Runde von der Europäischen Union eingeführt wurden, vorgestellt. Eine systematische Analyse, die die entscheidenden Parameter und Variablen zu beziffern und zu aggregieren versucht,...

In diesem Beitrag werden erste Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung der Zollkontingente, die im Zuge der Uruguay Runde von der Europäischen Union eingeführt wurden, vorgestellt. Eine systematische Analyse, die die entscheidenden Parameter und Variablen zu beziffern und zu aggregieren versucht,...