Economic histories of the interwar years view the Great Depression and the Smoot Hawley Tariff as inextricably bound up with one another. They assign a central role to the Depression in explaining the passage of the 1930 Tariff Act and at the same time emphasize the role of the tariff in the...

Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have become the major route for countries to reduce trade barriers and open new markets. To fully assess the current state of market opening for agricultural products and examine the potential impacts of RTAs, access to up-to-date and consistent information on...

According to the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA), all agricultural non-tariff trade barriers should be converted into equivalent tariffs and further, reduced over time. However each member country has the authority to choose the tariff types when it converts NTBs to tariffs such as...

Multilateral trade rounds have stressed converting non tariff barriers to simple tariffs. The WTO Agreement on Agriculture includes the "price-gap" method that was prominent in the Uruguay Round. Many agricultural products, once considered commodities, are in fact differentiated products with...

The passage of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930 is one of the most widely studied events in political economy. Existing accounts of the patterns of political cleavages over the legislation – such as those of Schattschneider, Pastor and Eichengreen – focus on vote-trading, partisanship, and...

This paper aims at modeling a global CGE trade model for the EU15 subnational regions. This model is used to assess production reallocation across sectors in each EU15 region, assuming a scenario in which world tariff liberalization is implemented in the agricultural sector. The model is...

This article assesses the impact of the world price-depressing effect of agricultural subsidies and border protection in OECD countries on developing economies' exports, imports, and welfare. Developing economy exporters are likely to benefit from reductions in such subsidies and trade barriers,...

This article assesses the impact of the world price-depressing effect of agricultural subsidies and border protection in oecd countries on developing economies` exports, imports, and welfare. Developing economy exporters are likely to benefit from reductions in such subsidies and trade barriers,...

Die Methodik der Aggregation von Importzöllen kann die Ergebnisse von Liberalisierungsstudien maßgeblich beeinflussen. Gegenstand dieses Beitrages ist ein Vergleich der unterschiedlichen Methoden zur Aggregation von Importzöllen. Zunächst erfolgt hierfür eine theoretische Darstellung der...

This paper aims at modeling a global CGE trade model for the EU15 subnational regions. This model is used to assess production reallocation across sectors in each EU15 region, assuming a scenario in which world tariff liberalization is implemented in the agricultural sector. The model is...

One challenge facing hegemonic stability theory is to specify the processes by which hegemonic countries construct and maintain a liberal international economic order. Earlier studies have focused on direct coercion or ideological manipulations by the hegemon as a principal technique for...

The current round of multilateral trade negotiations-the Doha Round-presents an opportunity for countries to reap the benefits of trade liberalization. Unfortunately, a number of misconceptions about the likely impact of trade reforms has, in part, impeded more rapid progress toward completion...

To analyze the effects of prospective policy changes, sectoral and economy-wide modelers need to begin with baseline estimates of policy induced price distortions. Global trade modelers mostly use the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) protection database, which currently relies heavily on...

This article assesses the impact of the world price-depressing effect of agricultural subsidies and border protection in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries on developing economies' exports, imports, and welfare. Developing economy exporters are likely to...

At the Uruguay Round, tariff rate quotas (TRQs) were intended to serve two purposes: first, to prevent that tariffication would lead – at least on the short term – to a deterioration of market access and second, to create new, minimum market access. The since then observed fill rates do not...

In 1971, Ronald Jones examined a three-factor two-good model under the assumption that two of the factors are specific to one sector (a different sector for each such factor). Working independently, in the same year Paul Samuelson developed a similar framework. In this paper that specification...

At the Uruguay Round, tariff rate quotas (TRQs) were intended to serve two purposes: first, to prevent that tariffication would lead - at least on the short term - to a deterioration of market access and second, to create new, minimum market access. The since then observed fill rates do not...

Zollkontingente sind zweistufige, mengenabhängige Zollsätze. Sie wurden in den letzten Jahren interessant, weil nach dem Abschluss der Uruguay-Runde verstärkt Importquoten in Zollkontingente umgewandelt wurden, um dem Ziel der Tarifizierung mengenbeschränkender Handelshemmnisse Rechnung zu...

The US Tariff-Rate Quota System for CheeseA tariff-rate quota (TRQ) is a two-tier tariff. The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture provides for the transformation of remaining import quotas into TRQs in order to eliminate quantity restricting import barriers to trade. However, more often than...

Zollkontingente sind zweistufige, mengenabhängige Zollsätze. Sie wurden in den letzten Jahren interessant, weil nach dem Abschluss der Uruguay-Runde verstärkt Importquoten in Zollkontingente umgewandelt wurden, um dem Ziel der Tarifizierung mengenbeschränkender Handelshemmnisse Rechnung zu...