This paper discusses the non-market-economy status of China based on the behavior of Brazilian imports originated from China after the imposition of anti-dumping (AD) duties. More specifically, we investigate whether imports from China react differently to the imposition of AD duties compared to...

This article questions the consistency of the EU anti-dumping regulation with the WTO Anti-dumping Agreement. It argues that with the expiry of paragraph 15(a)(ii) on 11 December 2016, China’s WTO Accession Protocol may no longer provide the legal basis for the EU to set aside Chinese domestic...

Trade protectionism has been on the rise and spreading all over the world. Using quarterly data on antidumping cases from 1997Q1 to 2020Q4, this paper examines the bilateral relationship between China and its major trading partners in imposing antidumping. First, a bivariate vector...

The development of antidumping (hereinafter “AD”) policy has been the most frequently used method of contingent protection in the past twenty years. In this study, we conducted an empirical analysis employing a panel dataset of World Trade Organization (hereinafter “WTO”) members from...

The scope of “product under consideration” (hereinafter “PUC”) is the basis for conducting an anti-dumping investigation. However, the World Trade Organization (hereinafter “WTO”) Anti-Dumping Agreement does not provide any explicit details about this definition; the result is that...

This paper explores the ramifications of customs unions (CUs) for multilateral trade cooperation within an economic environment characterized by trade-volume volatility and in a competing-exporters framework. We demonstrate that the parallel formation of different CUs leads to a gradual but...

Can anti-dumping tariffs increase employment? We compile data on all antidumping (AD) investigations in Brazil matching it to firm-level administrative employment information. Using difference-in-differences, we find that, an AD tariff decreases imports and increases employment in the protected...

Under the Lesser Duty Rule(LDR) of the WTO Anti-Dumping Agreement(ADA), anti-dumping duties are imposed as the lower of the two: dumping margin and injury margin. It has been established to impose anti-dumping duties only to the amount necessary to eliminate injury on domestic industries caused...

The US and EU’s antidumping and countervailing duty (CVD) measures may induce an increase in the resale unit price of imported Korean products, and if ultimately subjected to anti-dumping laws, Korea’s export sales and the supply of Korean products to these countries may greatly decrease....

Despite the increasing integration of the global economic system, anti-dumping measures are a common tool used by governments to protect their national economy.In this paper, we propose a methodology to detect cases of anti-dumping circumvention through re-routing trade via a third country.Based...

This paper empirically examines what factors affected the termination of anti-dumping measures in Korea during the 2006-2019 period. Employing a meticulous literature review, the paper investigates the WTO’s and Korea’s rules on the termination of antidumping measures and sets up the related...

As global economic growth has lost momentum due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the tension between U.S. and China, among other developments, concerns about the spread of protectionism are growing. In particular, anti-dumping (AD) measures are more likely to expand in the future in that they are...

Can anti-dumping tariffs increase employment? We compile data on all antidumping (AD) investigations in Brazil matching it to firm-level administrative employment information. Using difference-in-differences, we find that an AD tariff decreases imports and increases employment in the protected...

The WTO Panel has found in Mexico Rice that, as set forth by Article 5.8 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement, there shall be "immediate termination" of an anti-dumping investigation where the authorities determine that the dumping margin of individual exporters is de minimis. The only way to...

Can anti-dumping tariffs increase employment? To answer this question we compile data on all anti-dumping (AD) investigations in Brazil, which we match to firm-level administrative employment information. Using difference-in-differences, we estimate the effect of AD tariffs on trade, the...

Can trade agreements motivate environmental conservation? I first present a model whereby the government in the South expands its production capacity (e.g., deforest) before trading with the North. After deriving negative relationships between tariff reductions and conservation, I show how all...

This paper provides estimates of the trade impacts of U.S. antidumping law and the determinants of suit filing activity from 1980-1985. We study three possible channels through which the threat or mere possibility of antidumping duties can restrict trade which we believe, when combined with the...

The imposition of anti-dumping measures under the World Trade Organization (WTO) rules requires three main conditions: the existence of dumping, material injury and the nexus between dumped imports and the damage inflicted to the domestic industry. One of the three possible forms of material...

On 13 July 2022, a WTO arbitrator issued its decision on the methodology Canada may use to fix the level of suspension of concessions or other obligations in the goods sector vis-à-vis the United States if, in the future, the US applies countervailing duties on Canadian goods based on a measure...

On 26 January 2022, a WTO arbitrator issued a decision on the level of countermeasures China may request in its dispute with the United States regarding US countervailing duties on certain products from China (DS437).

This paper examines the impact of preferential trade agreements on the duration of antidumping protection. It employs a two-step selection model where the first step accounts for the impact of preferential trade agreement membership on the original antidumping determination, and the second step...

The European Union is dumping its goods on world markets, especially in the UK, because the euro is a structurally undervalued currency. First, the euro is an ‘incomplete’ currency. Unlike every other currency, there is no single sovereign standing behind it. Each member state of the...

The United States and Canada have a long-standing series of disputes over softwood lumber that until now have focused on alleged subsidies and countervailing duties (CVDs). The United States changed things up this time around and the US Department of Commerce (USDOC) found dumping after applying...

Previous literature has discussed the procedural biases that exist in U.S. Department of Commerce (USDOC) dumping margin calculations. This paper examines the evolution of discretionary practices and their role in the rapid increase in average USDOC dumping margins since 1980. Statistical...

This paper analyzes and compares differences in policy implications between import tariffs and antidumping (AD) duties in the presence of dumping under free trade. We present a vertical differentiation model of international trade in "like" products under duopolistic competition, allowing for...

This paper examines which types of firms, from a developed country (DC) or a less developed country (LDC), tend to practice dumping, using a two-market equilibrium analysis of trade in "like" products. Specifically, we present a vertical product differentiation model of duopolistic competition...

COVID-19 has resulted in extraordinarily challenging times. The outbreak has disrupted the lives of people and is casting a heavy impact on the economies around the world by interrupting business operations and commercial activities. Whilst everyone is busy identifying various strategies from...

Studies of the welfare implications of trade policy often do not take account of the potential for tariff-jumping FDI to mitigate positive gains to domestic producers. We use event study methodology to examine the market effects for U.S. domestic firms that petitioned for antidumping (AD)...

Antidumping (AD) duties are calculated as the difference between the foreign firm's product price in the export market and some definition of 'normal' or 'fair' value, often the foreign firm's product price in its own market. Additionally, AD laws allow for recalculation of these AD duties over...

This article examines systemic issues arising from the calculation of the level of retaliation against WTO-inconsistent AD/CVD ‘measures’ by focusing primarily on two Article 22.6 arbitration cases, i.e. US – Washing Machines (Article 22.6) and US – Anti-Dumping Methodologies (Article...

This paper examines how the prospect of foreign retaliation affects the antidumping (AD) process in the United States. We separate the capacity for retaliation into two channels: (i) the capacity for foreign government retaliation under the dispute settlement procedures of the GATT/WTO system,...

Empirical studies of antidumping activity focus almost exclusively on the period since 1980. This paper puts recent U.S. antidumping experience in historical context by studying the determinants of annual case filings over the past half century. The conventional view that few antidumping cases...

This article analyses economic and legal issues in the WTO dispute between Morocco and Turkey over hot-rolled steel. Over 2013-14, the Moroccan government conducted an antidumping investigation against two Turkish steel producers. Morocco’s investigation concluded that Turkish dumping was...

This paper examines the relationship between antidumping filings and macroeconomic factors. We show that real exchange rate fluctuations affect the two criteria for dumping in opposite ways, making the overall effect on filings ambiguous in theory. Interestingly, no such ambiguity is evidenced...

Under GATT, countries are allowed to impose countervailing duties to offset foreign subsidies. However GATT rules limit the amount of duty to the amount of the subsidy. This paper examines a generalized model of imperfect competition with capital subsidies and shows the conditions under which a...

This paper takes the first systematic look at how prior experience by US firms in filing US AD petitions affects future AD filing activity and outcomes. Such prior experience may affect both the cost of filing petitions, as well as the likelihood of successful outcomes and dumping margin...

This paper takes a critical look at the trends in worldwide antidumping (AD) case filings during the last two decades. We examine the motives for AD filings by countries in an attempt to identify whether economic or strategic concerns are driving the recent upsurge in AD use. We begin by...