Structural change means a long-term change in the composition of economic output: agriculture, industry, and services. First, we describe this process in the context of Thailand. Second, we analyse its causes using a simple, comparative static computable general equilibrium model of the Thai...

This paper uses results from leading biophysical models in an established macro-economic modeling framework to offer insights on potential economic consequences of climate change in Asia and the Pacific. The analysis covers shocks in agriculture, fisheries, forestry, energy demand, capital (from...

Currently, achieving sustainable transformation toward a carbon-dioxide-free industrial production process is one of the greatest challenges. The chemical element hydrogen used as an energy source and a basic feedstock can play an important role in reaching this goal. Our analysis is based on...

The Russian invasion of Ukraine contributed to soaring world market prices of many commodities with severe repercussions for many African countries. This study examines the implications of the 2022 world market price increases for wheat, fuels, and fertilizers for Ethiopia. Using a computable...

Is the harmonization of different food standards between countries in the context of free trade agreements exclusively positive, or is there a risk of high social costs for consumers? The harmonization of different national regulations plays an important role in contemporary trade policy. In...

The impact of trade liberalization on Malawi's economy has been a hotly debated topic, To shed light on the subject, a study was conducted using the PEP-1-1 CGE model and the latest Malawi's Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) from 2019, The results were eye-opening, revealing the potential effects...

In this paper, we project the impact of the implementation of a Joint Statement Initiative (JSI) on Services Domestic Regulation (SDR). We proceed in three steps. First, we include the WTO SDR Index, a binary score of SDR implementation in 23 sectors and 86 economies, in a gravity equation,...

The role of the construction industry in economic growth has been widely discussed in the extant literature, but existing studies have not investigated the disaggregated impact of construction investments on the production and social sectors. This study examines the disaggregated effect of...

This study uses a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to analyse how mitigation and adaptation strategies affect climate change impacts in Ireland. Five impacts-coastal flooding, riverine flooding, heat on labour productivity, human health, and agricultural productivity-are incorporated,...

Designing and implementing effective and efficient climate policies requires an understanding of climate change impacts. However, the estimation of climate change impacts remains lacking, without an understanding of the sectoral details of climate change impacts and their further impacts on the...

We explore a global carbon pricing framework to inform the potential coordination of carbon pricing and equivalent policies. The framework has three main features aligning with the current multilateral system for climate action. First, the carbon price is determined by a global average carbon...

The WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) has been predicted to bring about an expansion in trade flows and real income gains. To date, there is still very limited empirical evidence on the actual post-implementation impact of the TFA. This paper provides an assessment, combining econometric...

The incorporation of increasing returns and imperfect competition into applied general-equilibrium (AGE) models, beginning with Harris (1984), led to much larger welfare effects from changes such as trade liberalization. But the imperfect competition side of these IO developments has often...