Despite their advantages, multinational enterprises (MNEs) receive significant criticism, particularly with regard to offshoring jobs and shifting profits abroad to avoid taxation. Using administrative data for the universe of Norwegian and French firms and workers, we link these two issues by...

This paper provides new evidence on how the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) affects productivity and employment in Europe. Using matched EIBIS-ORBIS data on more than 12,000 non-financial firms in the European Union (EU) and United States (US), we instrument the adoption of AI by EU...

This paper studies how employment subsidies for start-ups shape their performance. We exploit an unexpected policy reform in Belgium that permanently exempted start-ups hiring their first employee from payroll taxes for that employee. Using firm-level administrative data and a...

Foreign direct investment and the activities of multinational enterprises play an essential role in shaping employment outcomes, particularly in developing and emerging economies. With globalization and the expansion of global value chains, understanding how FDI influences labour markets has...

What are the returns to firms of paying more? We study a Fortune 500 firm's voluntary firm-wide $15/hour minimum wage, which affected some warehouses more than others. Using a continuous difference-in-differences design, we find that a $1/hour pay increase (5.5 percent) halves worker departures,...

• Occupations that are highly cognitive, non-physical, and low in social interaction - typically higher-skill white-collar roles such as data analysts, software developers, and translators - turn out to be highly AI-exposed • Occupations requiring manual dexterity or intensive interpersonal...

Integration agreements (IA) outline the efforts the jobseeker should undertake to find employment and specify the services that the caseworker would provide to assist them in their job search. The agreements include a declaration of legal consequences, and punitive benefit sanctions could be...

We study the effects of North Macedonia's 2017 minimum wage reform - the largest in the country's history - using matched employer-employee administrative data covering the entire range of firms and employees, and a difference-in-differences design based on firms' pre-reform share of minimum...

A central effect of automation is to transform jobs-shifting their task content. We develop a general-equilibrium model of this process. Occupations bundle tasks; workers possess task-specific skills and sort by comparative advantage. When a task is automated, remaining tasks gain in importance,...

This paper studies how employment subsidies for start-ups shape their performance. We exploit an unexpected policy reform in Belgium that permanently exempted start-ups hiring their first employee from payroll taxes for that employee. Using firm-level administrative data and a...

Monetary policy asymmetrically affects the response of firms' employment to an output shock and plays a role in cushioning employment adjustment over the business cycle. Combining annual firmlevel data until 2020 with quarterly firm-level data until 2023 and highfrequency monetary policy...

Despite their advantages, multinational enterprises (MNEs) receive significant criticism, particularly with regard to offshoring jobs and shifting profits abroad to avoid taxation. Using administrative data for the universe of Norwegian and French firms and workers, we link these two issues by...

We examine the role of household-level social norms regarding women's mobility in determining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's employment. The shock of the pandemic containment measures, such as India's nationwide lockdown caused both supply- and demandside disruptions. Nationally...

This paper studies how labor demand factors - specifically worker substitutability and job‑specific skills - shape employment responses to a rise in the early retirement age. Using a regression discontinuity design, I exploit a 1999 German reform that eliminated the option for women to retire...

As artificial intelligence (AI) and automation continue to reshape industries, concerns about technological unemployment are intensifying. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework to examine peer-reviewed literature from the Scopus database...

We study the labour market impact of immigration to the United Kingdom, focusing on the large inflows following the 2004 EU enlargement. Using the Lifetime Labour Market Database (LLMDB) - a longitudinal 1% sample of National Insurance records - we provide the first analysis of immigration's...

We study how the labor market shocks of automation and immigration interact to shape workers' outcomes. Using matched employer-employee data from Norwegian administrative registers, we combine an immigration shock triggered by the European Union's 2004 enlargement with an automation shock based...

The German labor market has undergone profound changes over the last decades. For a long time, the debate on structural change focused on the shift from manufacturing industries to services. This Weekly Report highlights that labor market changes are attributable to three developments: In...

We provide experimental evidence on how employers adjust expectations to automation risk in high-skill, white-collar work. Using a randomized information intervention among tax advisors in Germany, we show that firms systematically underestimate automatability. Information provision raises risk...

We provide experimental evidence on how employers adjust expectations to automation risk in high-skill, white-collar work. Using a randomized information intervention among tax advisors in Germany, we show that firms systematically underestimate automatability. Information provision raises risk...

This study analyzes, for the first time, the effect of increases in the minimum wage on the labor market outcomes of working age adults with cognitive disabilities, a vulnerable and low-skilled sector of the actual and potential labor pool. Using data from the American Community Survey...

The rising incidence of alternative work arrangements, such as outsourcing, raises important questions about worker outcomes in such non-standard labor contracts. We study this question in the Netherlands, a country with a rapid rise in flexible labor contracts, using administrative...