With depletion of the oceans through overfishing and other anthropogenic and other activities, law seems incapable of adequately protecting marine biodiversity. Through green legal theory, this Chapter demonstrates the entanglement of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea’s...

Conservation easements, a widely used tool to preserve land for conservation purposes, suffer from a fundamental flaw in lacking a means of adapting the permanent interests they create to changed conditions. This flaw is becoming more apparent as the early generation of these interests age and...

In the agroecology of tea, motivations of farmers’ participation are usually documented with a background of converting conventional management, direct biodiversity conservation is less concerned. This research addressed this gap through a mixed analytical approach for a traditional...

This project analyzes how a principal can motivate an agent to conserve rather than exploit a depletable resource. This dynamic problem is relevant for tropical deforestation as well as for other environmental problems. It is shown that the smaller is the agent's discount factor (e.g., because...

This project analyzes how a principal can motivate an agent to conserve rather than exploit a depletable resource. This dynamic problem is relevant for tropical deforestation as well as for other environmental problems. It is shown that the smaller is the agent's discount factor (e.g., because...

The ecological and economic significance of protected areas cannot be controverted. Also indisputable is the fact that to establish and successfully manage protected areas, international cooperation is indispensable for most jurisdictions. This is because such a task entails colossal financial...

Alpine open spaces are becoming noticeably scarcer. In the Alps, this applies to the inherently limited area of permanent settlement, which in the case of Tyrol covers only 11.8%. The population is growing in many of the valleys and with it the infrastructure it requires. However, the open...

This paper summarizes in non-technical terms the economic case for conserving biodiversity, and explains why we cannot rely on market forces to do this task. It reviews the policy interventions that could help in biodiversity conservation

Existing models of open-access resources are applicable to non-storable resources, such as fish. Many open-access resources, however, are used to produce storable goods. Elephants, rhinos, and tigers are three prominent examples. Anticipated future scarcity of these resources will increase...

A key policy instrument to conserve biodiversity in agricultural landscapes are agri-environment schemes (AES). AES typically incentivise specific conservation measures which are independent of a specific state of an ecosystem or a species. In this paper we take up the idea of state-dependent...

Forest ecosystem economic valuation is responsible for ecologically aware and reasonable gains to the country and particularly to the surrounding groups through different means. Thus, the central objective of this study was to analyze the economic valuation Gedo Natural Forest conservation...

We assess what drives the lower valuation of nature protection on the other side of the border in two European transboundary nature areas, the Białowieża Forest (Poland and Belarus), and Fulufjället (Norway and Sweden). Applying hybrid choice modelling, we account for people’s attitudes...

Charitable contributions of "conservation easements" have since 1980 allowed high-income taxpayers to shelter income from taxation through overvalued deductions. Overvaluation has increased dramatically in the past 20 years: a 2016 study of all easement decisions since 1980 reported that while...

Knowledge of the floristic composition, structure and conservation status of tropical forests is essential for their sustainable management and conservation, although this remains poorly documented in some tropical countries. Here, we investigated the plant species diversity, distribution and...

The Brazilian agricultural commodities market and the agribusiness sector are facing an increasing international demand for improved environmental standards, such as those regarding climate change and biodiversity loss. Although there are many studies on the structural determinants of...

Wetland CH 4 emissions are one of the most uncertain components of the global CH 4 budget. The complex nature of wetland CH 4 processes makes it challenging to identify causal relationships that could be used to improve our understanding and predictability of CH 4 emissions. In this study, we...

Knowledge of water budgeting in soil-water-plant system is the key to irrigation management to achieve higher water use efficiency. Conservation agriculture (CA) through minimum soil disturbance modifies soil matrix and pore systems, bringing changes in soil hydraulic properties, which are...

A low-carbon energy transition to fight climate change has intensified mineral and metal extraction and caused unintended ecological damage. Ecological conservation is challenged by the overlap between mining deposit areas and ecosystems, as in the case of lithium resources in the High-Andean...

Im grenzüberschreitenden Warenverkehr (v. a. Reiseverkehr o. Postverkehr, aber auch Übersiedlungsgut) werden häufig Exemplare von Tieren oder Pflanzen eingeführt, deren Einfuhr dem Washingtoner Artenschutzübereinkommen CITES (Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of...

Im grenzüberschreitenden Warenverkehr (v. a. Reiseverkehr o. Postverkehr, aber auch Übersiedlungsgut) werden häufig Exemplare von Tieren oder Pflanzen eingeführt, deren Einfuhr dem Washingtoner Artenschutzübereinkommen CITES (Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of...

Alpine open spaces are becoming noticeably scarcer. In the Alps, this applies to the inherently limited area of permanent settlement, which in the case of Tyrol covers only 11.8%. The population is growing in many of the valleys and with it the infrastructure it requires. However, the open...

The transition to a "green" economic model is a complex strategic task that requires a combination of two previously incompatible development vectors: maintaining dynamic economic growth and preserving the natural environment on a long-term basis. No country has yet been able to cope with such...

Conservation and tourism contribute to greener economic growth in many countries. Although protected areas have often been viewed as land excluded from economic development for the purposes of environmental conservation, many countries have realized their powerful economic potential through...