Timely updates of business cycle fluctuations-commonly represented by movements in the output gap-help policymakers make informed decisions on the appropriate course of action. Unfortunately, business cycle assessments often suffer from lags in actual gross domestic product data releases. This...

Geopolitics is an overarching characteristic of much of this outlook for the key themes in the global energy economy in 2025. The start of Donald Trump’s second term in the White House will herald new pressures to multiple layers of the global economy, from trade to labour, monetary policy to...

This paper uses results from leading biophysical models in an established macro-economic modeling framework to offer insights on potential economic consequences of climate change in Asia and the Pacific. The analysis covers shocks in agriculture, fisheries, forestry, energy demand, capital (from...

Supply-chain bottlenecks emerged alongside unprecedented inflationary surges amid the resulting mismatches in supply and demand for goods and services throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This study employs a local projection approach to investigate the inflationary impact of global supply-chain...

The Asian Development Bank has adopted internal practices aligned with its commitment to help its members achieve gender equality. This study analyzes panel data on its staff spanning 2000-2022 to understand gender differences in salaries and career paths of its three staff groups. A...

Can developing economies achieve growth that benefits everyone and protects the planet? This report explores how low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can achieve inclusive and sustainable economic transformation (ISET) - where economic growth benefits all of society and protects our planet....

This study is a novel attempt to analyze the patterns and trends of urbanization in medium to large cities in Central Asia. It encompasses a broad range of parameters, and employs an evidence-based approach to outlining strategic directions and actions for fostering green and resilient urban...

Greater Asia is emerging as a major factor in the global energy transition. This shift is associated with growing independence from external actors such as the European Union and the United States, with unfolding developments increasingly concentrated within the region itself. Key trends include...

Purpose - This paper aims to obtain a recent estimate of the cost of precautionary foreign reserve accumulation that emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) had to endure to protect themselves against the risks of financial globalization. In addition, the study estimates the cost of...

Aging populations in Asia are worried that they are facing a "care crisis," with many older people in need of care having no one to care for them. However, we do not have a clear picture of current care patterns: How much care is currently being consumed? Who is providing that care? Are women...

Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores serve as an index that indicates the extent to which listed companies operate an eco-friendly and cleaner production process, are responsible to society, and are transparent and accountable with their shareholders and investors. This study...

This paper draws a concise overview of the economic relationship between the European Union (EU) and selected Asian regions in the context of the twin transition - green and digital. A series of significant initiatives adopted in recent years to consolidate the cooperation with these regions are...

This study explores the relationship between digitalization and entrepreneurial innovation across developing economies. We assess whether higher levels of digital technology development within a country enhance the innovation potential of its entrepreneurial ventures and how this impact varies...

This gas-focused edition of the Oxford Energy Forum updates the scorecard on the key issues driving medium to long-term gas demand prospects in key consuming countries. Whether it is European climate policy and the regulation of decarbonized gases, the demand outlook for Asian industrial...

On the rising interest in the sustainability and stability of commercial banks in ASEAN, we set out to examine the impacts of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) activities on bank stability in this region. We build models based on signal theory, stakeholder theory, and overinvestment...

This study aims to examine the effect of investor sentiment on stock market crash risk in the Asia-Pacific region. The research employs principal components analysis (PCA) to construct an investor sentiment index, while the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) is used to analyze monthly...

Purpose - Motivated by the significant role of uncertainty in affecting investment decisions and China's economic leadership in Asia, this paper investigates the predictive role of exposure to Chinese economic policy uncertainty at the individual stock level in large Asian markets....

This publication provides you with a range of inspiring examples of how educational institutions are using Erasmus+ in Asia, the Pacific and the Middle East to prepare for the digital transition, and to harness the full potential of digital technology and techniques to boost education, what it...

This publication provides you with a range of inspiring examples of how educational institutions are using Erasmus+ in Asia, the Pacific and the Middle East to prepare for the digital transition, and to harness the full potential of digital technology and techniques to boost education, what it...

Against the backdrop of the Russia-Ukraine (R-U) conflict, this paper investigates the convergence process of the bond market in East Asia from 2010 to 2024, focusing on the impact of the R-U crisis on bond yield convergence. Our findings show convergence toward both benchmarks, with an...

In this paper, we examine whether, and if so how, an economy's deliberate policy choices of regional cooperation and integration influence underlying determinants of economic growth. Building on models of growth and innovation, we analyze the role of regional integration on labor productivity...

This study examines the practices of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Asian countries with special reference to listed firms in China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and Saudi Arabia. Further, it evaluates the impact of firms' specific factors on SDGs practices. The...

The first ever Soil Atlas of Asia uses striking maps, informative texts and stunning photographs to show the changing nature of soil across this vast continent. It explains the factors that control the origins of soil and their evolution over time, the functions and ecosystem services that they...