This report explores the case for introducing innovative insurance products for businesses within the tourism industry that leverage and conserve coastal and marine ecosystems. It presents an overview of the insurance market in the Caribbean, an analysis of the potential of insurance products to...

During the first half of the twentieth century, many US states enacted laws restricting women's labor market opportunities, including maximum hours restrictions, minimum wage laws, and night-shift bans. The era of so-called protective labor laws came to an end in the 1960s as a result of civil...

This paper examines the impact of US protectionist trade policies on the euro area economy, focusing on macroeconomic and financial repercussions. While direct tariff effects are mitigated by exchange rate adjustments and ECB policies, broader risks arise from global trade disruptions and...

This paper examines the impact of US protectionist trade policies on the euro area economy, focusing on macroeconomic and financial repercussions. While direct tariff effects are mitigated by exchange rate adjustments and ECB policies, broader risks arise from global trade disruptions and...

The smallest of decisions one makes is based on some information. Information such as facts and figures, invoices, customer feedbacks, etc. gathered throughout a business's operations is what makes up data.Data in its raw form is useless unless it is managed. The process of gathering, arranging,...

The smallest of decisions one makes is based on some information. Information such as facts and figures, invoices, customer feedbacks, etc. gathered throughout a business's operations is what makes up data.Data in its raw form is useless unless it is managed. The process of gathering, arranging,...

US trade policy has taken a sharp turn away from multilateralism, with sweeping new tariffs posing a serious threat to global supply chains. As the US remains the EU’s largest export market for goods, these measures carry significant repercussions for the bloc. Exports to the US are heavily...

This paper examines how EU Technical Barriers to Trade (TBTs) reshape firms’ global supply chains, extending Grossman et al. (2024) to incorporate adaptation costs between sourcing partners. To test the model’s predictions, we construct a novel dataset linking EU TBTs to French firm-level...

This paper examines the impact of safeguard import tariffs on market diversity in Ecuador from 2015 to 2017. Using firm-level data, we estimate the effects of tariffs on revenue and market shares in the Manufacturing and Wholesale & Retail (W&R) sectors with a Quantile Treatment Effect on the...

Geographical indications (GIs) confer intellectual property rights on product names whose unique qualities are intrinsically linked to their place of production. These indications identify goods as originating from a specific country, region, or locality, where a given quality, reputation, or...

Gauntlet, a Greek SME with over 15 years of experience in Central America, specializes in hygiene products like disposable gloves for the healthcare industry, with a solid presence in countries such as Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Paraguay, expanded into Brazil in 2016, initially focusing on their...

Gauntlet, a Greek SME with over 15 years of experience in Central America, specializes in hygiene products like disposable gloves for the healthcare industry, with a solid presence in countries such as Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Paraguay, expanded into Brazil in 2016, initially focusing on their...

Explaining President Trump's "Liberation-day" tariffs on April 2nd, 2025, Stephen Miran, President Trump's chairman of the council of economic advisors suggested that countries accept the U.S. tariffs without retaliation to come to a fair "burden sharing"(Miran: 2025). History shows that this...

• Using the KITE model suite, we study the economic costs of the Trump tariff policy for Europe, and analyze the potential for trade diversion from China. • If the current tariff regime stays in place, trade between the U.S. and China would fall dramatically, hurting mainly the U.S. and the...

This study aims to explore the relationship between macroeconomic factors and the decision to file an anti-dumping (AD) initiation, focusing on the post-WTO period from 1995 to 2022 for both reporting and targeted countries. We analyze the 20 most frequent users of the AD mechanism and the 20...

The decline in international trade following the financial crisis suggests a shift in globalisation and a transformation of the international economic order. Protectionist trade policies have gained prominence as certain major economies increasingly implement tariffs to safeguard domestic...

L'un des objectifs de la politique économique menée par l’administration Trump consiste à revitaliser le tissu industriel américain et à créer un grand nombre d'emplois bien rémunérés pour les cols bleus. Le principal instrument engagé pour l’atteindre, la protection tarifaire, est...

One of the objectives of the Trump administration's economic policy is to revitalise the American industrial fabric and create a large number of high-paying blue-collar jobs. However, the main instrument used to achieve this goal - tariff protection - is a point of contention. We discuss the...

Trump's renewed tariffs on traditional allies-including the EU, Canada, Mexico, and Brazil-signal a return to aggressive protectionism, openly disregarding WTO rules and threatening the stability of the global trade system. The authors argue that unilateral retaliation by individual countries is...

The United States (US) and European Union (EU) are at risk of entering a full-blown trade war. Three months ago, on "Liberation Day", US President Donald Trump imposed high import tariffs on almost all countries, including the EU. He then suspended them at short notice to negotiate with over 90...

How do import tariffs affect employment? We develop an empirical strategy to identify the effects of tariffs using difference-in-differences, comparing anti-dumping (AD) investigations resulting in dumping tariffs to those not resulting in dumping tariffs. We find that an AD tariff decreases...

War of attrition. President Trump's promises of a quick end to the war are unlikely to come true. German and European policy must shift from providing temporary protection to supporting a productive return to support the Ukrainian economy. At present many Ukrainian refugees still require...

In retaliating against Trump’s March 2025 imposition of import tariffs on EU aluminum and steel, the EU’s response should be twofold: one, at the EU level, to apply retaliatory tariffs and negotiations, and two, to support country-level efforts to minimize the impact of tariffs, including...

This article examines the underlying motives behind the United States' trade and technological conflict with China since 2018. While the measures undertaken-ranging from tariffs and export controls to investment screening and industrial policy-are often interpreted through the lens of economic...

On 1 March 2018, President Trump declared a 25% tariff on certain steel imports by invoking Section 232 of the 1962 Trade Expansion Act. The tariff pitted two of America's most storied and interconnected industries, steel and auto producers, against one another and made allies out of longtime...

This paper analyzes the welfare impacts of import bans in Nigeria, and how these are shaped by evasion. Bans were not effectively enforced, and contributed to informal trade. The imposition of bans nonetheless increased consumer prices by 5.8% on average. However, price increases are...

Recent trade wars have confronted the trade policy literature with a major puzzle. How can we explain protectionist tendencies in the context of global economic integration? In this article, I aim to provide an answer to the question why, and under which conditions, internationally oriented...