Public disclosure laws on politicians' outside income aim to enhance electoral accountability, but their effects remain unclear and may backfire. Using a German disclosure reform, administrative tax data, and a difference-in-difference design, we show that MPs increased their outside income...

This study aims to assess the disclosure extent and quality, as well as the percentage of audited reports, of the Brazilian companies listed on the IBOVESPA stock exchange index and explore some factors that influence disclosure quality. A content analysis of 71 annual sustainability (or...

We analyze the effect of increased mandatory private disclosure to fiscal authorities on voluntary public disclosure decisions. We exploit the introduction of Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR), which requires large multinational corporations to report detailed geographic segment information to...

In the dynamic landscape of corporate reporting and stakeholder engagement, the significance of non-financial disclosure has gained considerable prominence. As businesses strive for sustainable growth and investors increasingly recognize the value of environmental, social, and governance (ESG)...

By extracting detailed birth information for managers of Chinese listed firms from 2011 to 2021, we developed a novel measure of overconfidence and applied it to the corporate information disclosure. Our findings demonstrated a close association between managerial overconfidence and both...

We investigate the effects of a qualitative tax disclosure mandate aimed at improving tax transparency and compliance by imposing reputational costs for firms. We use, as an exogenous shock, the 2016 UK reform that required large businesses to disclose their tax strategy. We find that treated...

In this paper, I measure the market reaction to corporate disclosures submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that contain the expression “NFT” or “Non-Fungible Token.” I follow the existing literature in differentiating between “Clear” disclosures, referring to...

One key challenge of regulatory oversight is information asymmetry between the regulator and the regulated. We investigate this issue through a unique setting in which the SEC uses firms’ voluntary disclosures to bridge the information gap during their periodic reviews of mandatory...

Prior literature documents a temporary spike in information asymmetry between sophisticated and unsophisticated traders around corporate disclosures because the former process new information faster. Using advances in textual analysis, we show that when management issues more uncertain financial...

This paper examines whether portfolio disclosure requirements for actively managed investment funds affect the investment decisions of firms owned by those funds. We argue that mandatory portfolio disclosures reduce fund managers’ incentive to collect and trade on private information, which...

We examine the relation between managerial incentives and disclosure. Specifically, we examine how contracts that explicitly evaluate managers relative to peer performance are associated with: (1) the transparency of mandatory disclosure; (2) the provision of voluntary disclosure; and (3) the...

Institutional investors have limited resources dedicated to engagement activities, yet, in manycases they hold thousands of stocks in their portfolios. We exploit the introduction of the tieringclassification system by the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) in 2016 for signatories reportingunder...

Climate change brings both risks and opportunities to businesses and the economy. To effectively identify these risks and opportunities, climate-related disclosure is increasingly being used to provide accurate climate-related information on business entities' activities and plans. In response...

By examining managers’ decisions about disclosing updated assessments of firms’ risks, we present evidence that the risk factor disclosures are informative. We use the setting of cybersecurity risk factor disclosures after a data breach because data breaches, especially severe breaches,...

Restrictions on certifiers' fee structures are irrelevant for maximizing their profits and trade efficiency, and for the implementability of (monotone) distributions of rents. The irrelevance results exploit that certification schemes involve two substitutable dimensions-the fee structure and...

Climate change information, especially greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions disclosures (Scopes 1, 2 and 3), has recently attracted considerable interest from investors, companies, regulators, and other stakeholders. This study examines the relationship between voluntary scope 3 GHG emissions...

The current study investigates the role of eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) on the transparency and efficiency of information disclosure in Jordanian financial companies. Based on a sample of 124 respondents, including accountants, academics, and auditors with a background in XBRL....

Financial ties between drug companies and medical researchers are thought to bias studies published in medical journals. To enable readers to account for such bias, most medical journals require authors to disclose potential conflicts of interest. We examine whether disclosure reduces article...

The SEC’s efforts to standardize climate disclosure have revealed deep divides among the public and among corporate and securities law scholars about the proper scope and goals of climate disclosure reform. This controversy comes at a time when investor demand for ESG investment products is...