This paper investigates how board gender diversity (BGD) impacts information asymmetry (IA) and investment efficiency (IE), in addition to the moderating role of board gender diversity on the nexus between information asymmetry and investment efficiency in Egypt, motivated by the unclear lens...

Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship are important for economic growth and development. Yet insufficient attention has been paid to psychological characteristics such as personality characteristics as factors for women entrepreneurship in emerging economies. This study aims to investigate the...

This Brief examines issues related to women's participation as workers, top managers, and owners of private firms in 27 European Union countries (EU-27), using the rich database of the World Bank Enterprise Surveys. The analysis focuses on EU regions varying between about 800,000 and 3 million...

Access to finance and equal economic opportunities are crucial for female entrepreneurs, fostering business growth and economic participation. Drawing on interviews with key stakeholders involved in the legal reform processes, this Brief examines how Sierra Leone made strides in its reform...

The gender wage gap rises with experience. To what extent do firm policies mediate this rise? We use administrative data from Italy to identify workers' first jobs and compute wage growth over the next 5 years. We then decompose the contribution of first employers to the rise in the gender wage...

Women, Business and the Law has the objective to inform research, policy discussions, and development operations on women's economic opportunities by producing primary data on laws, regulations, and policies and the extent of their enforcement. The project aims to provide measurable benchmarks...

We investigate the influence of boardroom gender diversity on earnings management. Drawing on a sample of European firms over the 2010-2023 period, we document an inverted U-shaped nexus between boardroom gender heterogeneity and earnings manipulation. Moreover, we also find that the Democracy...

This study explores the roles of women-specifically daughters-in family businesses in the Middle East, a context marked by pronounced structural gender inequality and limited scholarly attention. Drawing on identity theory and a multiple case study approach, we examine how daughters in 17 family...

Objective: As digital innovation and adoption grow, women entrepreneurs have more chances than ever to launch their companies and support them in realizing their full potential. Technology makes it easier for women to access resources and their market and thus enables them to expand inclusively...

This study examines the influence of gender composition on corporate financial performance, measured by the Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratio and Tobin's Q, considering both male and female directors. Using an econometric panel data analysis, a dual fixed effects model and the Generalized Method of...

This study examines the interplay of co-determination law and board gender quotas using novel board-director panel data for Norway. We present descriptive evidence suggesting that boards with employee representatives on boards of directors were more gender diverse before the gender quota....

This paper explores how female political leaders impact environmental outcomes and climate change policy actions using data from mixed-gender mayoral races in Brazil. Using a Regression Discontinuity design, we find that, compared to male mayors, female mayors significantly reduce greenhouse gas...

Our study explores how ESG performance affects corporate misconduct (CM) in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) firms and whether having more women on corporate boards influences this relationship. Using logistic regression and using data collected from GCC firms, we analyse the moderating effect of...

Despite the global increase of women in business, there is still a very small proportion of female business leaders, although the distribution varies greatly by region and sector. Considering innovation, in its many forms, as well as female entrepreneurship, both considered as a path towards...

Women's involvement and influence in the financial landscape have risen markedly, with a growing share of global wealth now under their control. If current projections prove accurate, women are expected to manage about 55% of the world's wealth by 2030, fundamentally transforming the financial...