Botswana has made strides in promoting gender equality, with notable achievements in education, family planning, and female entrepreneurship. However, persistent challenges remain, including high rates of gender-based violence, maternal mortality, and underrepresentation of women in politics and...

The Southern African Customs Union (SACU), as a bloc, is compelled to commit to trade in environmentally friendly goods. This study investigated the short-run and long-run relationships between trade openness and environmental quality in the SACU. The Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed...

At the request of Bank of Botswana, a Technical Assistance mission from the Monetary and Capital Markets (MCM) Department visited Gaborone, Botswana during May 27-31, 2024, to assist the authorities in enhancing their forecasting and policy analysis system (FPAS). The mission assessed and...

Purpose - Governments worldwide seek to optimize value in public project bids. Social procurement (SP) has become a global tool for achieving project goals. The purpose of this study is to assess the understanding of SP among contractors and identify its drivers to optimize the value associated...

Botswana aspires to become a high-income economy and eradicate extreme poverty by 2036, but it has shifted from a top to a mid-range performer over the past decade. The public sector-led growth model built on diamond rents shows signs of exhaustion, while the economy has become more vulnerable...

Botswana has sprinted to become an upper-middle income (UMIC) economy largely thanks to strong institutions and mineral resource revenue. Living conditions have steadily improved since independence as the wealth from diamond discoveries has helped lay the foundations for growth and development...

The primary objective of the mission was to continue assisting Statistics Botswana with developing the producer price index (PPI). The report provides an overview of ongoing work to expand PPI coverage to include manufacturing and agriculture. Additionally, ongoing work to expand consumer price...

Botswana is a small, open economy with a highly concentrated financial sector comprising banks and sizeable non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs). Financial institutions hold adequate capital and liquidity and show moderate profitability. The interconnectedness between banks and NBFIs, and...

Despite significant progress improving supervisory frameworks since the last assessment in 2007, supervisory powers remain underdeveloped. The current Banking Act was adopted in 1995 and has several deficiencies such as an absence of provisions for consolidated supervision, major acquisitions,...

The FSAP mission conducted a risk analysis for large insurance companies and retirement funds. Building on the narrative of the adverse macrofinancial scenario also used in the banking ST, the focus of the analysis in the insurance sector was on solvency. Sensitivity analyses, e.g., interest...

The challenges of Botswana's highly interconnected financial system requires an effective systemic liquidity management framework. Commercial banks'2 funding sources from corporates and non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) and credit exposures to households create avenues for risk...

The financial safety net framework in Botswana is incomplete, while crisis preparedness and management structures must be expanded.2 The Bank of Botswana (BoB) lacks an emergency liquidity support mechanism for commercial banks, bank resolution and liquidation remain under the Companies Act, and...

Botswana is experiencing a significant slowdown from a diamond market contraction in 2023-24. Inflation has declined sharply since the peak of mid-2022 and returned to the central bank's objective range, where it is expected to remain in the medium term. The authorities plan a fiscal expansion...

This study investigated the relevance of a triple helix model in the transition of public universities in Botswana into entrepreneurial universities. A qualitative study with 30 participants from four (4) public universities was conducted using a semi-structured interview. The sample was drawn...

This Technical Assistance report on Botswana focuses on details of National Accounts mission. The draft Census of Economic Establishments (CEE) questionnaires finalized during the previous mission in March 2023, have been tested. Some improvements were identified and have been incorporated into...

Botswana's financial sector, which exhibits high integration between banks and non-bank financial institutions, withstood the pandemic well. The economic recovery continues to be strong, but inflation remains high with risks tilted to the upside. Overall, the authorities have made notable...

This Selected Issues paper discusses reforming the state-owned enterprises (SOE) sector in Botswana. The authorities are committed to diversifying the economy and growing the relative size of the private sector but, until now, progress has been limited. Compared to other emerging markets, SOEs...

The 2023 Article IV Consultation highlights that following a strong recovery of almost 12 percent growth in 2021, Botswana's economy grew by 5.8 percent in 2022, significantly above the long-run average of 4 percent. The authorities plan a fiscal expansion in FY2023 followed by two years of...

This paper presents technical assistance report on National Accounts Statistics mission in Botswana. The mission reviewed and suggested updates of two strategic documents pertaining to the rebase with the national accounts team. The first document broadly outlined the main objectives of a rebase...

This paper discusses high-level summery technical assistance report that focuses on Botswana's domestic bond market development. The implementation of a new monetary policy framework to support the Bank of Botswana's (BoB) inflation targeting regime is a welcome development for domestic debt...

Public Purpose of the Company -- Stewardship Flavored Agents -- Corporate Value Creation Model -- Corporate Value Creation Model in South Africa -- Corporate Value Creation Model in India Comparative Study -- Corporate Value Creation Model in Botswana -- Corporate Value Creation Model in Sri...