Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector is among the hardest challenges in transforming energy systems to zero emissions. Transport energy demands are driven by an interplay of social behavioral, technical factors, political decisions and economic conditions, motivating...

The transition from fossil fuels to carbon-neutral energy sources is necessary to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and combat climate change. Hydrogen (H2) provides a promising path to harness fossil fuels to reduce emissions in sectors such as transportation. However, regional economic...

Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, eine ökonomische wie ökologische Bewertung für alternative Kraftstoffe und Antriebe bei PKW für Fahrzeuge der Kompaktklasse in Deutschland für 2020 und 2030 vorzunehmen. Die wirtschaftliche Bewertung erfolgt nach einem Total-Cost-of-Ownership-Ansatz,...

Die direkte Abscheidung von Kohlenstoffdioxid (CO2) aus der Luft, das sogenannte Direct Air Capture (DAC), wird vermehrt als eine der Möglichkeiten zur Reduzierung von Treibhausgasen und damit der Begrenzung der Klimaerwärmung diskutiert. Vorteilhaft gegenüber anderen technischen Ansätzen...

Due to the high carbon and ash content of coal gasification fine ash (CGFA) produced by circulating fluidised bed gasifiers (CFBG), it is mainly dissipated in landfills and energy wastage. Large-scale dissipation of CGFA can be achieved if the carbon in CGFA has active oxidation properties and...

"Petroleum from Coal shows why and how Friedrich Bergius and Franz Fischer and Hans Tropsch in 1913-26 invented and developed synthetic fuel processes; explains why and how Matthias Pier at BASF- IG Farben and Otto Roelen at Ruhrchemie successfully industrialized the syntheses during the...

Southern Company has commissioned a 2 × 1 Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) facility in Kemper County, Mississippi. The plant demonstrated the Transport Integrated Gasification (TRIGTM) technology developed by Southern Company, KBR, and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). With a...

Southern Company has commissioned a 2 × 1 Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) facility in Kemper County, Mississippi. The plant demonstrated the Transport Integrated Gasification (TRIGTM) technology developed by Southern Company, KBR, and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). With a...

Synthetic fuels produced with renewable surplus electricity depict an interesting solution for the decarbonization of mobility and transportation applications which are not suited for electrification. With the objective to compare various synthetic fuels, an analysis of all the energy conversion...

COGAR was a research project that aims to assess the risk associated with UCG in operating mines and areas of high vulnerability. The Project commenced in July 2013 and was completed in accordance with the schedule in June 2016. The project was organized into work packages, each covering a...

COGAR was a research project that aims to assess the risk associated with UCG in operating mines and areas of high vulnerability. The Project commenced in July 2013 and was completed in accordance with the schedule in June 2016. The project was organized into work packages, each covering a...

The behaviors of the slag layers formed by the deposition of molten ash onto the wall are important for the operation of entrained coal gasifiers. In this study, the effects of design/operation parameters and slag properties on the slag behaviors were assessed in a commercial coal gasifier using...

The objective of the project was to demonstrate in the PDU scale the feasibility of safe and environment friendly Underground Coal Gasification for hydrogen-rich gas production. The in-situ UCG process energy efficiency was 70% with the maximum hydrogen content in product gas of approximately...

The objective of the project was to demonstrate in the PDU scale the feasibility of safe and environment friendly Underground Coal Gasification for hydrogen-rich gas production. The in-situ UCG process energy efficiency was 70% with the maximum hydrogen content in product gas of approximately...

The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played in its development. We then explore three noteworthy...

An analysis of various options of coal gasification technologies with different gasification media, process parameters and coal types, as well as mathematical and thermodynamic modelling of the planned trials, have been conducted. Moreover, a pseudo-homogeneous mathematical model for the...

The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played in its development. We then explore three noteworthy...

ISER was requested to conduct an economic analysis of a possible 'Cook Inlet Syngas Pipeline'. The economic analysis was incorporated as section 7.4 of the larger report titled: 'Beluga Coal Gasification Feasibility Study, DOE/NETL-2006/1248, Phase 2 Final Report, October 2006, for Subtask...

CO2 gasification of a sub-bituminous Wyodak coal from the Powder River Basin (PRB) was conducted in a fixed-bed laboratory gasifier at atmospheric pressure with FeCO3 as a catalyst precursor. The effect of iron on the coal pyrolysis was evaluated by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning...

Integration of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) in coal gasification power plant technology would be one of the most promising technology in the coal utilization for power generation. The clean syngas from gas cleanup unit serves as fuel for SOFC in integrated gasification fuel cell power plant. The...

Since solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) produce electricity with high energy conversion efficiency, and chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a process for fuel conversion with inherent CO2 separation, a novel combined cycle integrating coal gasification, solid oxide fuel cell, and chemical looping...

The production of hydrogen is a highly researched topic for many reasons. First of all, it is a clean fuel that can be used instead of hydrocarbons, which produce CO2, a greenhouse gas emission that is thought to be the reason for climate change in the world. The largest source of hydrogen is...

The principal finding of this study was the high capital cost and poor financial performance predicted for the size and configuration of the plant design presented. The XBi financial assessment gave a disappointingly low base-case discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFRR) of only 8.1% based on...

The principal finding of this study was the high capital cost and poor financial performance predicted for the size and configuration of the plant design presented. The XBi financial assessment gave a disappointingly low base-case discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFRR) of only 8.1% based on...

This study analyzes the material utilization flow, including element carbon (C) and hydrogen (H), together with the energy saving ratio to quantify the material utilization and energy conversion in a coal-based polygeneration system producing methanol and electricity. The C utilization ratio and...

For both energy security and CO2 emission reduction, synthetic natural gas (SNG) production from coal is an important path to implement clean coal technologies in China. In this paper, an overview of the progress of coal to SNG technologies, including the development of catalysts, reactor...

In this study, a combined test of the WGS (water–gas shift) reactor and a Pd-based composite membrane was carried out for pre-combustion CO2 capture in a coal gasifier. The two series of WGS reactions, i.e., a high-temperature shift and a low-temperature shift, were performed under a gas...

We present exergy and economic analyses for two potential advanced coal-based power plants with CO2 capture and sequestration. Each system generates three products: electricity, carbon dioxide compressed to 15MPa, and pre-calcined feedstock for cement kilns. First, we analyzed a system that...

This paper aims to evaluate the energy and economic performance of IGCC power plants equipped with a syngas storage section. Syngas storage enhances operational flexibility of IGCC power plants as a portion of the produced syngas can be stored during periods of low energy demand and used to...

The need to reduce CO2 emissions requires a great economical effort to optimize the processes and solve the main technical and economic problems which still limit a large-scale diffusion of this kind of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies.

We present exergy and economic analyses of two advanced fossil fuel power plants configurations: an integrated gasification combined cycle with advanced H2 and O2 membrane separation including CO2 sequestration (Adv. IGCC–CCS) and an integrated gasification fuel cell cycle with a catalytic...

Given the in situ gasification technology (Underground Coal Gasification-UCG), as an alternative to coal consumption in an alternative way, it allows the exploitation of inaccessible reserves to conventional mining technologies. In this article I answer the question on how the volume of reserves...

Gasification plays an important role in the development of clean coal technology. To seek appropriate operations for synthesis gas (syngas) formation, the present study develops a numerical method to predict coal gasification phenomena in an entrained-flow gasifier. Particular emphasis is placed...

The increasing interest in the development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies requires a great effort to reduce capital and operating costs and to demonstrate the potential application of these kind of systems on the commercial power generation plants.

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is promising to be an important means of meeting the increasing energy demand in several countries. UCG is inherently an unsteady process since a number of parameters, such as the growth of the cavity, inherent variation in the properties of the coal along the...

Carbon capture from conventional power cycles is accompanied by a significant loss of efficiency. One process concept with a potential for better performance is chemical-looping combustion (CLC). CLC uses a metal oxide to oxidize the fuel, and the reduced metal is then re-oxidized in a second...

Molten slags represent one of the largest untapped energy sources in metal manufacturing operations. The waste heat of slags amounting to ∼220 TWh/year at temperatures in the range of 1200–1600 °C, presents an opportunity to lower the energy intensity of metal production. Currently, three...

Although coal gasification is a clean and efficient use of coal, a reduction of CO2 emissions is needed to mitigate global warming. The aim of this study was to improve the thermal efficiency of fuel production and electricity generation by dry coal feed gasification. The primary cause of...

"The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played in its development. We then explore three noteworthy...