In Germany, employers used to pay union members and non-members in a plant the same union wage in order to prevent workers from joining unions. Using recent administrative data, we investigate which workers in firms covered by collective bargaining agreements still individually benefit from...

In Germany, employers used to pay union members and non-members in a plant the same union wage in order to prevent workers from joining unions. Using recent administrative data, we investigate which workers in firms covered by collective bargaining agreements still individually benefit from...

In Germany, employers used to pay union members and non-members in a plant the same union wage in order to prevent workers from joining unions. Using recent administrative data, we investigate which workers in firms covered by collective bargaining agreements still individually benefit from...

In Deutschland zahlen Arbeitgeber traditionell den gleichen Tariflohn für Gewerkschaftsmitglieder und -nichtmitglieder im selben Betrieb, um letztere von einem Gewerkschaftsbeitritt abzuhalten. Mit aktuellen Daten aus der Verdienststrukturerhebung untersuchen wir, welche Arbeitnehmer in...

Das Tarifjahr 2021 war durch langwierige Verhandlungen geprägt. Pandemiebedingt wurden einige Konflikte schon 2020 unterbrochen oder ausgesetzt, etwa im Hotel- und Gaststättengewerbe, im Sozial- und Erziehungsdienst oder in der Druckindustrie. Aber auch neue, erst im Laufe des Jahres 2021...

This paper describes the evolution of collective bargaining coverage in European countries during 2002-2018 and links it to changes in the evolution of the pay premia received by workers covered by collective bargaining. It uses evidence from the European Structure of Earnings Survey (ESES) to...

In many countries, the wage floors and working conditions set in collective contracts negotiated by a subset of employers and unions are subsequently extended to all employees in an industry. Those extensions ensure common working conditions within the industry, mitigate wage inequality, and...

Die Inflationsdynamik hat sich bislang noch nicht auf die gesamtwirtschaftliche Tariflohndynamik übertragen. Es gab zwar einzelne Abschlüsse, die überdurchschnittlich hoch ausfielen - etwa der Abschluss in der Eisenund Stahlindustrie, der neben einem einmaligen "Energiebonus" von 500 Euro...

In Nordrhein-Westfalen arbeiten im Jahr 2020 noch 57 Prozent aller Beschäftigten in einem Unternehmen mit Tarifvertrag. Auch im bevölkerungsreichsten deutschen Bundesland ist die Tarifbindung in den letzten Jahrzehnten kontinuierlich zurückgegangen. Dies hat zu einer deutlichen...

This paper examines the effect of the different legal environments for bargaining faced by public employees across the states on wage and employment outcomes for union and nonunion employees, and also on the extent of bargaining, using cross-section, within-city, and longitudinal analyses based...

This paper presents new microeconometric evidence on the relevance of nominal contracting for employment determination in the unionized sector. Real wages in long term union contracts contain an unanticipated component that reflects unexpected changes in prices and the degree of indexation....

This paper investigates an economy in which there are short-term wage contracts that are re-negotiated under certain conditions. This paper determines the optimal frequency of wage re-negotiation and shows that it depends positively on measures of aggregate variability and Phillips curve slope....

This paper analyses the characteristics of employer association in Italy, using unique firm-level data with information on employers' affiliation choices as well as their characteristics. We document that a persistent decline in affiliation rates to employers' associations has occurred during...

In Thüringen werden nur noch 44 Prozent der Beschäftigten durch einen Tarifvertrag geschützt. Die Tarifbindung ist damit eine der niedrigsten in ganz Deutschland. Für das Lohnniveau im Freistaat hat dies weitreichende Konsequenzen. So verdienen Beschäftigte in nicht-tarifgebundenen...

Anfang der 2000er Jahre bildeten sich einige Berufsgewerkschaften, die das alte System der Tarifeinheit lockerten, bis das Bundesarbeitsgericht schließlich 2010 die Tarifpluralität grundsätzlich zuließ. Mit dem Tarifeinheitsgesetz von 2015 sollte die Macht kleiner Berufsgewerkschaften wieder...

Stellungnahme zu dem Gesetzentwurf der Regierung des Saarlandes - Gesetz über die Sicherung von Sozialstandards, Tariftreue und fairen Löhnen bei der Vergabe öffentlicher Aufträge im Saarland (Saarländisches Tariftreue- und Fairer-Lohn-Gesetz - STFLG) - Drucksache 16/1777

In Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ist die Tarifbindung seit der Jahrtausendwende dramatisch gesunken: Derzeit gilt nur noch für 44 % der Beschäftigten im Land ein Tarifvertrag. Dies hat für die Beschäftigten spürbare Auswirkungen - ins-besondere bei den Löhnen, die bei tariflosen Arbeitgebern rund...

Die Tarifverhandlungen standen im Jahr 2020 unter dem Einfluss der Pandemie. Die Lohnerhöhungen fielen moderat aus und die Konfliktintensität war die niedrigste seit dem Jahr 2005. Die verschiedenen Konflikthandlungen in Tarifauseinandersetzungen, zum Beispiel Streikdrohungen, Warnstreiks,...

Collective bargaining in Germany takes place either at the sectoral level or at the firm level; collective bargaining coverage is much higher than union density; and not all employees in a covered firm are necessarily covered. This institutional setup suggests to distinguish explicitly between...

This chapter provides an alternative basis for the economic analysis of competition law from conventional neoclassical theory. It makes three primary points.First, markets—and processes of price formation in particular—are always governed. There is no “free market” in which prices...

This paper studies the determinants of real wage rates using data on Canadian labour contracts signed between 1978 and 1984. Its results are consistent with Dunlop's neglected (1944) hypothesis that real pay movements are shaped by product price changes (contrary to the predictions of implicit...

I estimate changes in levels of union real wage growth associated with corporate takeovers and accompanying chief executive officer changes. The effects are statistically insignificant. The results are used to construct union wealth changes associated with corporate control events. Target fire...

This paper presents information on wage bargaining institutions, collected using a standardized questionnaire. Our data provide information from 1995 and 2006, for four sectors of activity and the aggregate economy, considering 23 European countries, plus the US and Japan. Main findings include...

About 30% of workers in the CPS have earnings imputed. Wage gap estimates are biased toward zero when the attribute being studied (e.g., union status) is not a criterion used to match donors to nonrespondents. An expression for "match bias" is derived in which attenuation equals the sum of match...

We study the wage-change distributions in union contracts reached in Canada between 1976-1999. We use non-parametric tests to check for nominal wage rigidity and find that it is present during low inflation periods

We show in a union-bargaining model that a decrease in the unemployment benefit level increases not only equilibrium employment, but also nominal wage flexibility, and thus reduces employment variations in the case of nominal shocks. Long-term wage contracts lead to higher expected real wages...

This paper explains why a union and a firm might settle on a contract duration that may later be extended and characterizes the optimal backpay for the holdout period. It is shown that the choice between concluding a shorter contract that may be extended and immediately concluding a longer...

This paper tests the hypothesis that unions, through imposing wage floors that lead to wage compression, increase on-the-job training. Our analysis focuses on Germany which provides an interesting context to test this hypothesis, due to its large scale apprenticeship programme and its collective...

The well-known positive relationship between the unemployment benefit level and unemployment duration can be separated into two potential sources; a moral hazard effect, and a liquidity effect pertaining to the increased ability to smooth consumption. The latter is a socially optimal response...

We examine whether economic downturns are beneficial to health outcomes of newborn infants in developed countries. For this we use merged populationwide registers on health and economic and demographic variables, including the national medical birth register and intergenerational link registers...

This paper analyses the heterogeneous effects of the decentralization of collective bargaining on the incidence of wage increases and wage dispersion in Finland. We use linked employer-employee panel data for the 2005-2013 period, which includes major changes in bargain-ing systems and economic...

Im Gesetzentwurf vom 28. Mai 2014 wird die Einführung eines flächendeckenden gesetzlichen Mindestlohns damit begründet, dass die Beschäftigten vor unangemessen niedrigen Löhnen geschützt würden. Gleichzeitig werde dafür gesorgt, dass der Wettbewerb zwischen den Unternehmen nicht zu...

This paper documents the evolution of sector-level collective agreements in Italy and estimates the wage effects of the diffusion of non-representative agreements, often signed by unknown organisations i.e. pirate agreements. Using employer-employee data from Social Security Archives, we find...

"Auf den ersten Blick scheint sich die Tarifbindung im Land Bremen mit 55 Prozent der Beschäftigten etwa im gesamtdeutschen Durchschnitt zu bewegen. Bei den Betrieben liegt Bremen hingegen mit nur 17 Prozent Tarifbindung unter allen Bundesländern auf dem vorletzten Platz.Mit einem relativ...