This paper maps out the trade relationship in goods between the two largest trading blocs in the global economy - the EU and US. We use detailed product category information to provide an in-depth description of current trade flows between the two markets, with a particular focus on how Irish-US...

In dieser Kurzstudie zu Forschung und Entwicklung (FuE) in Staat und Wirtschaft werden ausgewählte Kernindikatoren aktualisiert und analysiert. Im Fokus stehen Indikatoren zur Position Deutschlands im internationalen FuE-Wettbewerb und Kennzahlen zur sektoralen und regionalen Verteilung der...

Hochentwickelte Volkswirtschaften wie Deutschland können im internationalen Wettbewerb am ehesten mit solchen Dienstleistungen und Gütern Erfolge erzielen und damit Wachstum und Beschäftigung sichern, die einen hohen Einsatz von Wissen und Technologie erfordern. Die Studie untersucht deshalb...

Proponents of the income-based approach to poverty rarely contest the fact that poverty is actually a multidimensional phenomenon. What they claim is that economic resources provide a sufficiently precise proxy for whatever dimensions poverty might have. The indirect assumption is that all...

This study focuses on estimating the returns to education in non-farm self-employed businesses in the Indian context, using nationwide individual- and household-level data provided by the India Human Development Survey for the year 2011/12. Given that different studies have used different types...

We estimate Okun's law, the negative relationship between output and the unemployment rate, at the sector level for the US, the UK, Japan, and Switzerland to test several hypotheses that may explain why the aggregate Okun's coeffcients are different across countries. Specifically, we show that...

Rising inequality in the United States has raised concerns about potentially widening gaps in educational achievement by socio-economic status (SES). Using assessments from LTT-NAEP, Main-NAEP, TIMSS, and PISA that are psychometrically linked over time, we trace trends in achievement for U.S....

Rising inequality in the United States has raised concerns about potentially widening gaps in educational achievement by socio-economic status (SES). Using assessments from LTT-NAEP, Main-NAEP, TIMSS, and PISA that are psychometrically linked over time, we trace trends in achievement for U.S....

This article comprehensively reviews Australia's corporate income tax complexity as faced by multinational corporations (MNCs) and compares it to the average of the remaining OECD countries. Building on unique survey data, I find that the Australian tax code is considerably more complex than the...

Wages directly affect the wellbeing and living conditions of the working population, household consumption and domestic demand, but also a country's competitiveness. However, methodological differences across multiple data sources mean that it is a complex matter to make an accurate assessment...

We model the evolution of the number of individuals that are reported to be sick with COVID-19 in Germany. Our theoretical framework builds on a continuous time Markov chain with four states: healthy without infection, sick, healthy after recovery or after infection but without symptoms and...

There is a symmetrical debate in two Euro area core countries: in France about the restrictive fiscal policy of Germany, leading to a huge external surplus, in Germany about the insufficient compliance with fiscal rules and the lack of structural reforms in France. What are the real causes of...

COVID-19 is spreading and has reached the state of a worldwide pandemic and health systems are or will be tested in how they can deal with it. So far, during this early phase of the pandemic, outcomes in terms of case-fatality rates (CFR) differ widely across countries. We explore how...

In diesem Report werden Daten zum Stand der Krankenhausinfrastruktur in Deutschland - auch im Vergleich zu anderen Ländern - zusammengefasst und übersichtlich dargestellt. Dies erlaubt keine Aussagen darüber, ob überhaupt oder wann in der gegenwärtigen Situation damit zu rechnen ist, dass...

Exchange rates and exchange rate regimes in a constantly changing economy have always attracted much attention from scholars. However, there has not been a consensus on the effect of exchange rate on economic growth. To determine the direction and magnitude of the impact of an exchange rate...

We consider the job progression of immigrant women in five European countries: France, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK. We complement data from the European Labour Force Survey (2005-2015), with information about the skills contained in the jobs held by women, using data from the O*Net. In...

Vertrauen ist gerade in Krisenzeiten wichtig und in einer globalisierten Welt zugleich besonders gefährdet: Wir sind von internationalen Wirtschaftsprozessen und politischer Kooperation abhängig, die ohne Vertrauen nicht funktionieren würden. Insbesondere für pluralisierte, urbane und...

This paper offers a new way of assessing government cash transfers using a social welfare function framework. It demonstrates how one can use social welfare functions to measure the efficiency of such program s without requir ing the specif ication of a poverty line or particular poverty...

Context: Vocational education and training (VET) plays a key role in reducing early leaving from education and training, and integrating youth at risk in upper secondary education. To ensure that more young people complete upper secondary education, the OECD suggests designing interventions that...

The financial crisis led to rising unemployment levels for adult as well as for youth. The unemployment level rose across the EU 27 after 2008 and peaked only in 2013, i.e. decline started only from 2014 onwards. The middle and high qualified youth (20-29 years old) had the lowest percentage...

This paper examines whether the intensity of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic has differentially impacted the public sector labor market outcomes. This extends the analysis of the already documented negative economic consequences from COVID-19 and their...

Covid-19 and the measures taken to contain it have led to unprecedented constraints on work and leisure activities, across the world. This paper uses nationally representative surveys to document how people of different ages and incomes have been affected across six countries (China, South...