Gegen den Landeshaushalt 2022 des Freistaats Thüringen bestehen nach Einschätzung von Helmut Siekmann erhebliche verfassungsrechtliche Bedenken. In einem Gutachten kommt Siekmann zu dem Schluss, dass sich die festgestellten globalen Minderausgaben im Vergleich zum gesamten Haushaltsvolumen...

Fraus legis – defrauding or evading the application of law – is a phenomenon well-known to students of private law, but its application in public law, including constitutional law, remains largely unconsidered. To consider whether a transaction, or, it is submitted, an enactment, is an...

The year 2019 for the Iran jurisdiction, in a nutshell, was a year characterized by intense polarization, with a deterioration of recent critical developments in the jurisdiction. In 2019, the two fundamental characteristics of the Constitution, Islamic and Republican, representing the...

A wise man once said: ‘Just when you think things cannot get any worse, they will.’ The year 2019 was such a dramatic year for Turkey. The agenda was as loaded as ever. In early 2019, the stinging defeat of the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) in the municipal elections made...

This paper questions the relevance of constitutional law in legal systems. Comparative constitutional law scholars have become used to the assumption that constitutional law is a universal point of reference which can be addressed in comparison. If comparative constitutional law is intended to...

Hard cases present a dilemma at the heart of constitutional law. Courts have a duty to decide them—to vindicate rights, to clarify law—but doing so leads to errors (judges do not know the “right answer”) and strains the credibility of courts as impartial decision makers. Theories of...

Welche Bedeutung haben die Rechts- und Geschichtswissenschaft füreinander? Diese Frage stellte sich Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde, der Staatsrechtler und Historiker, in seinem juristischen, verfassungshistorischen und rechtsphilosophischen Werk. Böckenförde zielte darauf, zwei Disziplinen, die...

Predominantly a European phenomenon, the study of legal iconography has expanded to the common law world and informed approaches to Anglo-American legal development. European painting, sculptures, and other artwork were used in forensic settings to channel behavior of judges, lawyers, and...

This article considers the constitutional nature of socio-economic rights under the Hong Kong Basic Law, principally through the lens of article 39 which mandates the implementation of the International Covenant on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights into domestic law. So far, the Hong Kong...

Die Studie analysiert die (verfassungs-)rechtlichen Möglichkeiten für den Bund unter der Schuldenbremse im Grundgesetz, Investitionen und in diesem Zusammenhang auch Infrastrukturinvestitionen durch Kreditaufnahmen jenseits der für den Bundeshaushalt festgelegten Grenze von strukturell 0,35 %...

This article analyses the interstate dispute settlement mechanisms between member states of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund). The question as to how disputes between German sovereigns should be decided already had a long (pre-)history dating back to the Middle Ages. Article 11 IV of the...

This book is focused on the concept and functions of corporate charitable donations. Charitable giving practices have always been a feature of society and will continue to be so in the future. In any case, the current and more widespread understanding of what corporate charitable donations are...

This chapter addresses a new and fertile research program: constitutional law and economics. Constitutional law and economics asks questions like, ‘What is the extent of the U.S. Congress's power to regulate commerce?'; ‘How much legislative authority can be delegated to administrators?';...

Many institutions in a democratic society wield important power by virtue of the decisions they make. These decisions may concern individuals or have a more general impact on society. It goes without saying today that this exercise of power must be accounted for. A supreme court's reasoning is...

I demokratiske samfunn utøver ulike institusjoner gjennom beslutninger viktig samfunnsmakt. Beslutningene kan rette seg mot enkeltindivider eller ha en mer generell samfunnsmessig virkning. Det er en selvfølge i dag at slik maktutøvelse må være begrunnet. Høyesteretts begrunnelse er gitt...