Survivor testimonies link survival in deadly POW camps, Gulags, and Nazi concentration camps to the formation of close friendships with other prisoners. We provide statistical evidence consistent with these fundamentally selective testimonies. We study the survival of the 140 thousand Jews who...

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards avoid investments in companies complicit in modern slavery (PRI 2021, 4). Responsible investors have long recognized modern slavery, including forced labor, child labor, sweatshops, migrant worker abuses, human trafficking—and still more...

The demographic foundation of nations is remarkably resilient to losses with the causes of that resiliency not uniform cross-nationally. Countries in the early stages of development have very high birth rates and a growing youthful population with only the most extreme cases of genocide...

A central argument of anti-Zionists is that the Holocaust was a “pretext” for Israel's 1948 establishment. Because of their belief in the Holocaust's centrality, Israel's opponents sometimes deny the Holocaust — inferring that if the justification for Israel's founding was the Holocaust,...

This paper analyzes the fertility effects of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. We study the effects of violence on both the duration time to the first birth in the early post-genocide period and on the total number of post-genocide births per woman up to 15 years following the conflict. We use...

This paper analyzes the fertility effects of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. We study the effects of violence on both the hazard of having a child in the early post-genocide period and on the total number of post-genocide births up to 15 years following the conflict. We use individual-level data...

We posit a rational choice model of dictatorship to explain the tendency of dictators to repress innocent citizens. This model demonstrates that, when the quality of information about regime enemies is low, a rational dictator will knowingly kill and imprison citizens who are not real enemies....

This paper analyzes the fertility effects of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. We study the effects of violence on both the hazard of having a child in the early post-genocide period and on the total number of post-genocide births up to 15 years following the conflict. We use individual-level data...

"What is land? A resource to be exploited? A commodity to be traded? A home to cherish? In Guatemala, a country still reeling from thirty-six years of US-backed state repression and genocides, dominant Canadian mining interests cash in on the transformation of land into “property,” while...

This chapter critically examines the international case law that has as its historical foundation Article 3(a) of the Genocide Convention, namely principal criminal responsibility for the commission of genocide

This edited collection expands scholarly and popular conversations about dark tourism in the American West. The phenomenon of dark tourism—traveling to sites of death, suffering, and disaster for entertainment or educational purposes—has been described and, on occasion, criticized for...

Human history is plagued with acts of genocide. Whilst the brutality of the act remains the same throughout time the contexts and circumstances of its occurrence are ever changing. From the Genocide Convention onwards (as well as the current legal praxis and its incumbent jurisprudence) attacks...

This paper examines the promise and politics of the International Criminal Court. It analyzes the structural, institutional, and normative deficits of the ICC and argues that it was due to these deficits that the ICC's pursuit of several African high ranking indictees that it was deeply --...

Genocides and mass atrocities do not arise spontaneously, but tend to be meticulously sourced and managed. As such the concern in this paper is with the role of businesses in these processes, with a particular focus on the agency and decision making of entrepreneurs and managers. We critically...

There is an extensive literature on violent conflicts such as the 1994 Rwandan genocide, but few papers examine the profiles of victims and perpetrators, or more broadly the micro-level dynamics of widespread violence. This paper studies the demographic consequences of the Rwandan genocide and...

The question of how societies emerging from genocide manage to return to normalcy, restore social relationships and lay the foundation for sustainable peace, is a puzzling one. The guiding hypothesis underlying this research paper is that identity politics are a key factor for explaining the...