The protection of a "system of undistorted competition" within the internal market is one of the core elements of EU law that institutionalizes economic integration. The addressees of the prohibitions regarding restraints of competition such as Articles 101 and 102 TFEU are "undertakings". Hence...

Soft law plays an important role in the regulation of international tax matters. This paper focuses on the case of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines and analyses the relationship between this non-binding instrument and the formal sources of law. From the perspective of international law, the...

Wissenschaftler verschiedener Disziplinen beantworten grundlegende Fragen nach der Abgrenzung staatlicher Fürsorgeverpflichtung und individueller Eigenverantwortung. Wie definieren wir Gesundheit? Wie hängen Staatsverständnis und Gesundheitswesen zusammen? Welche Vorgaben des Völkerrechts...

Humangenetische Ressourcen sind Gegenstand wichtiger Spitzenforschung im 21. Jahrhundert. Die Auswirkungen populationsgenetischer Projekte und der neuen Erkenntnisse auf die Menschheit werden intensiv diskutiert. María Cristina Blohm untersucht den Zugang zu humangenetischen Ressourcen...

Traditionally, the enforcement of public international law (PIL) was a task of states: its addressees and its enforcers were states. That has changed recently. Whereas the influence of private market actors on the making of PIL has been extensively analyzed, their influence on its enforcement...

This paper discusses the relationship between geography and politics; and more specifically, the relationship between sovereign claims and cartography. I introduce the term "cartopolitics" to describe a particular way of making space real and corresponding with politics that defines contemporary...

In their majority, public international lawyers postulate that for a new rule of customary law to originate, two conditions must be fulfilled: there must be consistent practice, and it must be shown that this practice is motivated by the belief that such behaviour is required in law. Maurice...

In the early 1990s, after the fall of the Berlin wall, legal scholars initiated a debate on the existence of a right to democratic governance in international law. Many of the adherents to the democratic entitlement school seem to assume that democratization is a simple shift in the political...