The European Union is projected to enter a period of population decline after 2026, with implications for economic development and labour markets, though these will vary because of different trends in different EU countries. Between 2023 and 2050, Eastern and Southern EU countries will face the...

This paper aims to facilitate a more nuanced understanding of regional disparities in the population age structure at a local scale by applying a recent method for visualizing these disparities. Utilizing data from the three most recent population censuses in Greece, this method applies advanced...

The primary objective of this paper is to explore the determinants of the level of, and trends over time in, Japan's household saving rate, with emphasis on the impact of the age structure of the population, and to make projections about future trends therein. The paper finds that Japan's...

In the face of rapid demographic transitions, Sub-Saharan African countries stand at a critical juncture where the potential for harnessing a demographic dividend to fuel economic growth is immense. This demographic shift presents both challenges and opportunities, with the right investments in...

Numerous recent empirical studies underscore the adverse impacts of an aging population on economic growth. This could stem from reduced labor force participation and productivity among older workers, or the potential for aging to result in an imbalance between savings and desired investment,...

This paper studies the link between the demographic structure of populations and firm entry rates in the European Union. We find that firm entry rates have a hump-shaped relationship with human demography, with the 40-54 age group having the strongest positive impact on firm entry. Potential...

Studies have shown that the previously growing inequality in China has stabilized and even declined since 2008 (Kanbur et al., 2021), nevertheless, the drivers of the latest trans-formation in income inequality remain to be unraveled. We address this research gap by examining the changes in the...

This study examines the macroeconomic and welfare effects of the child benefit, using a general equilibrium overlapping generations model incorporating fertility choices. The model is calibrated to the Japanese economy and produces the benefit elasticity of fertility in line with the empirical...

We study optimal team design (homogenous vs. diverse assignment) and explicit contracting in a setting with multiple agents who have possibly diverse demographic characteristics captured by their discount factors. When the agents have relatively small discount factors, the contract is designed...

This paper argues that population age structure plays a significant role alongside institutional, technological, political, and cultural factors when it comes to explaining shifts in urban, regional and national economic development. The paper demonstrates how demographic transitions lead to...

The aging of the global population is in the headlines following a report that China's population fell as deaths surpassed births. Pundits worry that a declining Chinese workforce means trouble for other economies that have come to rely on China's exports. France is pushing through an increase...

Based on a sample of 126 countries over the period of 1970 to 2019 and 5-year nonoverlapping growth regressions, this study has revealed the existence of an inverted U-shaped aging population Kuznets curve. The threshold levels below (above) which aging population potentially promotes (hampers)...