Purpose: This study examines the relationships between cultural openness, world-mindedness (WMD), product-country image (PCI) and the purchase intentions of South African consumers situated in the South African marketplace. In addition, distinctions between PCI and the purchasing intention (PI)...

We develop a model to study the behavior of firms in a Free Trade Area with Rules of Origin and the consequences of this behavior on the market equilibrium and outcome. We show that firms will choose to specialize, and that an FTA with strict ROOs on the intermediate good raises imports and...

Branding may be a set of selling and communication methods that help to differentiate a corporation or products from competitors, getting to create an enduring impression within the minds of consumers. In the competitive market a corporation can make significant impact on business environments...

The market access and welfare effects of Free Trade Areas (FTAs) without Rules of Origin (ROOs) are studied. We consider both the final and intermediate goods markets and their interlinkage. The FTA weakly reduces all tariffs and prices within the FTA. This raises quantity demanded and reduces...

The existence of industry and country of origin agglomerations is well-established in the literature, yet it remains to be understood which firm-level characteristics drive their decisions regarding specific locations when investing in a foreign country. Focusing on origin clusters, we provide...

Consumer animosity represents discomfort towards foreign goods, services and brands originating in countries with which there is some kind of conflict; in this way, a better understanding of consumer behavior in respect of hostilities between countries is sought. On the other hand, the conflicts...

To become operational, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) must harmonize Rules of Origin (ROO) across Africa's Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) along two dimensions: regime-wide rules and product-specific rules. This paper describes and evaluates these ROO across the major...

Rules of origin are used to determine a product's eligibility for preferential tariffs under a free trade agreement and have major implications for the extent of trade under the agreement and the growth of regional value chains. Firms choose to comply with rules of origin when the benefits of...

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Rules of Origin (RoOs) determine the conditions for the application of the Agreement's tariff preferences. The effectiveness of existing preferential trade agreements within the continent is undermined by heterogeneous RoO regimes and costly trade...

With the long history of the relationship between Indonesia and China, various sentiments may arise and influence the consumer purchasing decision. This study aims to determine the impact of animosity towards China, religiosity, and allocentrism of the Indonesians on the intention to purchase...

Wine quality perception involves both intrinsic and extrinsic attributes and is related to consumer liking and acceptability of a product. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the actual role of the region of origin cue on the experienced, expected, and perceived quality of wine, as...

The massive cultural transformation in the pandemic-paused tourism industry has revamped loyalty towards destinations, thus prompting scholarly attention towards global expats who were rarely considered in tourism research. Drawing on data from 266 expats in South Korea, the study examined the...

Nowadays, the global competitive environment deals with the quality products so they can attract their consumers and also they can differentiate their products from others. A Geographical Indication (GI) is a name or sign used on products which corresponds to a specific geographical location or...

Regional trade agreements must specify domestic-content rules (rules of origin) that define the conditions under which a good qualifies as 'domestic' and so may be freely traded within the block. The paper analyzes such rules, focussing in particular on oligopolistic industries in which foreign...

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of a brand’s country-of-origin for a hotel on its geographic markets. The globalization of tourist markets has recently increased the importance of foreign demand for most European destinations, and the role of brands in attracting foreign...

This paper focuses on the effects of rules of origin in Free Trade Areas. We first point out that even rules of origin which are not restrictive, namely those which do not raise costs of production, have very pronounced effects on trade and investment flows. We then look at some different ways...

The agrifood products market has never before contained as many niches than it does at this moment in history. The use of geographical indication (GIs) is one of the oldest ways of granting protection for and promoting these goods. Although they date back thousands of years, only since the...

The purpose of this study is to explore the country of origin´s effects on brand equity dimensions. This research selected wine as the product category and data were collected from Portuguese and Canadian consumers. Our conceptual framework incorporates the influence of country of origin on...

Objective: The objective of the article is to explore the types of brands in terms of the country of brand origin (COBO) applied by emerging markets’ firms and motives for applying them. Research Design & Methods: A qualitative approach was used, i.e. multi-case study of five emerging...

Triggered by a territorial dispute, as well as historical animosity, a nationwide civilian boycott of Japanese products took place in China in summer of 2012. Using detailed data on vehicle sales in four major Chinese cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Nanjing), this study investigates the...

This research was conducted to determine the effect of Brand Image, Product Quality, and Price on Consumer Purchase Intention. In this study researchers involved 200 respondents in the city of Jakarta. This research method uses a survey method with a causal approach. Data collection techniques...

This article evaluates the transatlantic differences over geographical indications (GIs). On the one hand, the EU pursues widespread protection of GIs as a key feature of its international and bilateral trade strategy. On the other hand, the US and Canada resist the EU's approach, opting for the...

The study analyses the factors of Country of Origin Image influencing Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards Vietnamese garments by surveying 366 customers. Cronbach's Alpha analysis and EFA analysis together with multiple regression analysis were used with SPSS. The results show that only two...

There is a wide perception that consumer satisfaction and brand image leads to purchase. However, there were instances where high satisfaction was not reflected in sales. We propose that culture complements the satisfaction purchase relationship. For this, we investigated the moderating effect...