Development finance institutions (DFIs) foster sustainable development through financing, advisory services, and technical assistance. They complement public investments in developing and underserved markets to unlock development opportunities and deliver development results. Whereas DFIs'...

Evaluating the relevance of development interventions is a complex task because many different dimensions must be considered. This study focuses on one particular, quantifiable aspect of relevance and proposes a method for generating data-driven evidence that can be used to assess the relevance...

This report discusses the remarks delivered by World Bank Group President David Malpass at the Launch of IDA20 in Tokyo, Japan. Global growth is expected to slow sharply from 5.7 percent in 2021 to 2.9 percent in 2022, with further slowing likely as more countries fall into recession. In...

This Country Program Evaluation assesses the development effectiveness of the Bank Group's engagement in Madagascar between fiscal years 2007 and 2021 and surfaces lessons to inform the design and implementation of the next Bank Group-supported partnership strategy with Madagascar. The...

This paper assesses the evolution of thinking, analysis, and discourse about inequality in the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund since their inception in 1944, on the basis of bibliometric analysis, a reading of the literature, and personal experience. Whereas the Fund was largely...

These remarks were delivered by World Bank Group President David Malpass at World Bank Group 2022 Spring Meetings Ministerial Roundtable for Support to Ukraine on April 21, 2022. He said that he has been deeply horrified and shocked by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the atrocities committed...

This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) assesses the development effectiveness of the World Bank Group's engagement with Bangladesh during the past decade (fiscal year [FY]11-20) and provides lessons to inform the next Bank Group supported strategy with Bangladesh and to countries facing similar...

This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) assesses the World Bank Group's development effectiveness in Chad over the past decade within a context of high fragility and extreme poverty. The report covers the implementation of the Interim Strategy Note (2010-12) and the Country Partnership Framework...

The Results and Performance of the World Bank Group (RAP) report 2022 presents an annual review of evidence from IEG evaluations and validation work on the development effectiveness of the World Bank Group. This year's RAP will focus on the country level. The Bank Group's outcome orientation...

*May 5, 2022: New version includes Green Sheet*The World Bank aims to further expand and adjust its global footprint by the mid-2020s, especially in lower-income countries and those affected by fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV). This first-of-its-kind evaluation assesses the effectiveness...

Evaluating the relevance of development interventions is a complex task because many different dimensions must be considered. This study focuses on one particular, quantifiable aspect of relevance and proposes a method for generating data-driven evidence that can be used to assess the relevance...

The paper enquires into the long-term effect of development finance institutions (DFI) on the environmental, social and governance (ESG) policies of companies in which they have invested. It does this through a review of secondary data on the ESG policies of ten companies operating in Africa and...

We develop a screening model to analyse the funding allocation criteria of institutional donors towards NGOs. The model shows that when donors care about efficiency, they screen NGOs and concentrate their funding on those that comply. Combining two waves, 2002 and 2008, of a unique survey data...

Mozambique's 3 rd civil war is now in its 5th year in Cabo Delgado province, in the northeast of the country. More than 4300 people have died and nearly one million people have been displaced, more than one third the population of the province. One of the largest investment projects in Africa...

Japan’s Official Development Assistance (ODA) to China started in 1979 and ended in 2018. It was a typical case of bilateral aid from the perspective of geographic proximity, cultural similarity, and history. According to JICA data, Japan was one of the major donors that provided aid to China...

For economists, the task of paramount importance is not only to generalize the experience of the effectiveness of previously introduced economic sanctions but also to study all kinds of effects (both positive and negative) of modern large-scale economic sanctions against Russia. The term...

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) prohibits US firms from paying bribes to foreign public officials. We show that FCPA enforcement has no positive effect on the GDP per capita of the countries of these officials but, rather, increases their countries shadow economy. When public officials...

The relationship between the Bretton Woods institutions and Africa began in the 1980s as a result of the international debt crisis which affected the African continent negatively. The African continent approached the Bretton Woods institutions to salvage its economic situation. Consequently, the...

Individual vulnerability has triggered a vivid debate in the data protection field. However, the efforts to define and protect vulnerable individuals in data protection law (building on a blurred notion of “data power” imbalance) appear still incomplete, under both a theoretical and a...

Radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages of groundwater from several aquifers of the arid Jaisalmer District, Northwestern India (part of the Thar Desert) were investigated to reconstruct the hydrological history of the Thar Desert. The Thar Desert and its surrounding regions have been extensively studied for...

This paper examines the peculiarities in Sweden International Development Cooperations Agency's functioning. The report was presented at the special seminar at Moscow State University. The aim of the study is to analyze the specific features of Sida's activities in terms of its legal status,...

This study was conducted to analyze the current situation of results-based management in Korea's ODA agencies and to find ways to reform the results-based management system. To this end, a fact-finding survey and literature review were conducted for the government agencies implementing ODA. This...

Why did the Beatles become a worldwide sensation? Why do some cultural products succeed and others fail? Why are some musicians, poets, and novels,, unsuccessful or unknown in their lifetimes, iconic figures decades or generation after their deaths? Why are success and failure so unpredictable?...

Lignin hydropyrolysis characteristics were investigated in a high-pressure micro-reactor with on-line analysis. The effects of atmosphere, pressure, and temperature on product formation during lignin pyrolysis were quantitatively studied. The formation mechanisms of typical products were...

В статье рассмотрены пути повышение эффективности инвестиций за счет разработки адекватных современным условиям мер и механизмов активизации этого процесса и...

The growing water deficit in transboundary river basins of Central Asia determines the need to develop water facilities, promote water saving and ensure sound water management in all sectors of the economy, which requires significant long-term investment. To achieve sustainable development of...

This chapter presents a Wagnerian vision of macroeconomics as a hybrid of several schools of thought and analytic frameworks, including public choice theory, constitutional economics, complexity economics, and evolutionary economics. We then review recent economic analysis of emerging...

"Evaluation is increasingly important for finding sustainable solutions for the people and the planet, based on a systematic analysis of what works, for whom, and under what circumstances, and to contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, as they pertain to the...

IEG's Results and Performance of the World Bank Group 2021 report, also known as RAP 2021, assesses the World Bank Group's performance by analyzing the achievement of project and program objectives through validated ratings. The World Bank's outcome ratings steadily improved from FY10 onward and...

Motivated by the lack of sub-national empirical evidence on the relationship between aid and institutional development, this study explores the local effects of World Bank aid on perceived institutional quality in African aid receiving countries. We combine geo-referenced data on the subnational...

To achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, development institutions will need to leverage an unprecedented amount of private sector capital. This is more pressing in the current context as COVID-19 recoveries will require mobilizing both public and private sources in the short...

Since its foundation in 1961, the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) – nerve centre of the aid effort of the “rich” countries – has played a central role in the PostWar aid system. This book traces the history of the institution and reflects on its future. How intense diplomacy...