Search Results - subject_exact:"Dokumentenakkreditiv"

Complementarities between loan sales and standby letters of credit : a theoretical model

Gargalas, Vassilios N.; Corzo, Mario G. - 2026

In their traditional function, commercial banks engage in recourse loan sales while evaluating clients' creditworthiness and assuming risk. However, banks face regulatory constraints that prevent them from fully exploiting this activity. Loan sales with recourse are treated as deposits, and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015639896

An integrated Artificial Intelligence and optimization model for operational efficiency and risk reduction in Letter of Credit examination process

Khalil, Mounaf Asaad; Hadid, Majed; Padmanabhan, Regina; … - 2025

Digital transformation in banking has significantly improved efficiency, including in the critical Letter of Credit (LC) examination area. Despite these advancements, LC examination remains complex, labor-intensive, and error-prone, leading to operational risks and inefficiencies. Integrating...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015420193

AI driven transformation in trade finance : a roadmap for automating letter of credit document examination

Khalil, Mounaf Asaad; Padmanabhan, Regina; Hadid, Majed; … - 2025

International trade with unfamiliar stakeholders poses challenges of trust, payment security, and regulatory compliance. Letters of Credit (LC) help mitigate these risks but rely on manual, error prone processes that lead to delays, high costs, and limited scalability. This study proposes a...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015564183

Guaranteeing trade in a severe crisis : cash collateral over bank guarantees

Kotidis, Antonis; MacDonald, Margaux; Malliaropulos, … - 2024

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014515775

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Guaranteeing trade in a severe crisis: cash collateral over bank guarantees

Kotidis, Antonis; MacDonald, Margaux; Malliaropulos, … - 2023

Book / Working Paper

Hierarchy of Letters of Credit Laws in Ghana and Its Effect on International Trade

Appiah, Kwame Yaro; Klu, Kwame Richard - 2022

The advent of international business brought with it, its sophistications and one such is the cross jurisdictional facility of documentary letters of credit. This created a vacuum for regulation. To this, various international and municipal laws evolved. The question that arose with the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013308589

Issues of letter of credit in Malaysian Islamic banks

Sharifah Faigah Syed Alwi; Ismah Osman; Mohd Bahroddin Badri - 2022

This paper discussed the prevailing issues currently faced by Islamic banks on the offering of Letter of Credit (LC), originally brought forward by the International Chamber of Commerce, using Shariah contracts and puts forth recommendations on practical solutions to solve the issues. The study...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013395930

Modern shared service centers as an alternative to traditional settlements of international transactions : a case study

Brojakowska-Trząska, Magdalena; Sobieraj, Marcin - 2022

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012807210

"Track & Pay" als Alternative zu traditionellen Akkreditiven : eine Analyse

Hörster, Jörg - 2024

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014527285

Chapter 17 Adaptation of Blockchain Technology into the Letter of Credit (LC) Arrangement: An Overview of the Sustainable Business Practice in Asia

Sultana, Afroza; Alam, Shahidul - 2024

Abstract Purpose : This study aims to explore the efforts of several Asian countries adopting blockchain-enabled letter of credit (LC) processes and highlight the key challenges hindering blockchain adoption into the entire LC system. Need for the study : As trade volume among countries grows,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015489656

The significance of refinanced letter of credit in cross-border financing in Nigeria

Femi-Olagundoye, Mercy; Akintoye, Rufus Ishola - 2024

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014480321

International trade and letters of credit : a double-edged sword in times of crises

Crozet, Matthieu; Demir, Banu; Javorcik, Beata K. Smarzynska - 2022

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013433378

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International trade and letters of credit : a double-edged sword in times of crises

Crozet, Matthieu; Demir, Banu; Javorcik, Beata K. Smarzynska - 2021

Book / Working Paper

International Trade and Letters of Credit : A Double-edged Sword in Times of Crises

Crozet, Matthieu; Demir, Banu; Javorcik, Beata K. Smarzynska - 2021

Book / Working Paper

Traditional Legal Principle Has Been Bent to Facilitate the Operation of Negotiable Instruments Such as Letter of Credit or Bill of Exchange : A Response to the Well-Known Myth

Biswas, Liton Chandra - 2021

There is a saying that the traditional legal principles have been bent to facilitate the operations of the negotiable instruments such as bill of exchange or letter of credit. Most of the contenders are of the opinion that the instruments are completely contrary to the doctrine of consideration....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013237158

Student Loan Debt Letters

Taylor, ZW; Weber Wandel, Karla; Holthaus, G - 2021

Legislators have increasingly become concerned about their state’s economic well-being with regard to student loan debt, as state leadership has called for progressive action in reducing loan burdens among students (Ahlman & Gonzalez, 2019). One response to these calls has been to institute...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014351718

Zahlungssicherung im Export durch Möglichkeiten der Blockchain-Technologie

Büter, Clemens; Ratkoceri, Granit - 2021

Die Zahlungssicherung im Export ist ein wesentlicher Aspekt in internationalen Geschäftsbeziehungen. In Abschnitt 2 werden internationale Zahlungsrisiken behandelt und es wird ein Überblick über internationale Zahlungsbedingungen gegeben. Der Schwerpunkt dieses Kapitels liegt in der...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012543652

Letter Of Credit as a Payment Instrument of the Export-Import Deal

Butakova, Nadezda - 2020

Letter of credit — a financial term, one of the types of payment instruments between the participants of export-import contract. Today the letter of credit is recognized by financiers in all over the world as the most universal way of payment in foreign economic activity. The letter of credit...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012834338

Blockchain Technology for Letters of Credits and Escrow Arrangements

Takahashi, Koji - 2020

In this article, the author considers the implications of the blockchain technology for trade finance, in particular the letter of credit transaction and the escrow arrangement.The blockchain technology was invented to create the Bitcoin cryptocurrency around 2009. Since then, various types of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012838072

Disregarding Non-Documentary Conditions in Letters of Credit : Is It as Easy as Appears to Be?

Zhang, Jingbo - 2020

This paper discusses how to treat the problematic existence of a non-documentary condition within a letter of credit that does not specify a required document to evidence its compliance. While the current Uniform Customs and Practices for Documentary Credits (UCP) simply direct banks to...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012843545

Block by block : a blockchain-based peer-to-peer business transaction for international trade

Toorajipour, Reza; Oghazi, Pejvak; Sohrabpour, Vahid; … - 2022

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013429273

Compliance Rules in Documentary Credit Transactions

Kim, Sun-Ok - 2017

The purpose of this paper is to review compliance rules in transactions involving documentary letters of credit. The principle of strict compliance used in most banks (as a tool to determine whether or not discrepant factors exist) has shown a tendency to take a pragmatic approach considering...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012951654

Policy Reflection : Letter of Credit Usage by Defined Benefit Pension Plans in Canada

Nielson, Norma L. - 2017

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012952877

The Role of Attorney’s Fees in Letter of Credit Litigation

Dolan, John - 2017

In this article Professor Dolan argues that the law should mandate attorney's fees in much letter of credit (“LC”) litigation. The argument rests on the notion that litigation itself, notwithstanding the results it obtains, transforms the LC, a unique commercial bank product, into an...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012955566

International trade and letters of credit : a double-edged sword in times of crises

Demir, Banu; Crozet, Matthieu; Javorcik, Beata K. Smarzynska - 2021

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012667138

Agency creation as an instrument of rent-seeking in South Sudan

Garang, James Alic - 2021

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012597767

Letter of Credit, a Masked Contract

Menendez, Andres - 2016

La versión española de este documento se puede encontrar en 'http://ssrn.com/abstract= 2838854' http://ssrn.com/abstract=2838854 .For some authors “letters of credit” are not contracts; there is the perception that the obligation is unique in its characteristics and no principles of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013008247

The Domestic Standby Letter of Credit Desk Book for Business Professionals, Bankers and Lawyers

Dolan, John - 2016

The following preface and chapter describe an effort to convince readers (business people, bankers, and lawyers) that the standby letter of credit is a handy, flexible, commercial device that can support virtually any business activity and often without a battery of lawyers or letter of credit...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012999632

Insolvency in Letter of Credit Transactions -- Part III

Dolan, John - 2016

This article addresses the insolvency of the letter of credit transaction's participants. In the first and second parts of a three-part article, which appeared in prior issues of The Banking Law Journal, the author discussed the insolvency of the beneficiary of the credit and the insolvency of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013001611

Private Information in Bank Certification : Evidence from U.S. And Non-U.S. Bank Standby Letters of Credit

Stover, Roger D. - 2016

This article inquires into the factors that affect the pricing of new issues of corporate tax-exempt bonds backed by standby letter of credit of U.S. and foreign commercial banks. Previous literature suggests that U.S. banks possess superior certifying ability in this market due to their unique...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013004212

No guarantees, no trade : how banks affect export patterns

Niepmann, Friederike; Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Tim - 2017

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10011754065

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No guarantees, no trade : how banks affect export patterns

Niepmann, Friederike; Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Tim - 2016

Book / Working Paper

No Guarantees, No Trade : How Banks Affect Export Patterns

Niepmann, Friederike - 2016

Book / Working Paper

No Guarantees, No Trade : How Banks Affect Export Patterns

Niepmann, Friederike - 2014

Book / Working Paper

No Guarantees, No Trade : How Banks Affect Export Patterns

Niepmann, Friederike - 2014

Book / Working Paper

Addressing challenges of transferable LC in Bangladesh

Alamgir, Md.; Ahmed, Tofayel; Rahman, Mohammad Anisur; … - 2020

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012663079

Trade finance matters : evidence from the COVID-19 crisis

Demir, Banu; Javorcik, Beata K. Smarzynska - 2020

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012405774

Trade and developing‐country exporters : the case of Latin American and Caribbean countries

Demir, Banu - 2020

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012252349

How trade finance works

Malaket, Alexander R. - 2020

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012252364

Insolvency in Letter of Credit Transactions — Part II

Dolan, John - 2015

This article addresses the insolvency of the letter of credit transaction's participants. In the first part of this three-part article, which appeared in a prior issue of The Banking Law Journal, the author discussed the insolvency of the beneficiary of the credit. This second part addresses the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013011403

Insolvency in Letter of Credit Transactions—Part I

Dolan, John - 2015

This article addresses the insolvency of the letter of credit transaction's participants. In this first part of a three-part article, the author discusses the insolvency of the beneficiary of the credit. The second part and third parts of the article, which will be featured in upcoming issues of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013012154

Fraud in the International Transaction : Enjoining Payment of Letters of Credit in International Transactions

Leacock, Stephen - 2015

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013015760

Credits and bank guarantee letters in entrepreneurship development during crisis

Ilie, Dragoş - 2015

When the credit crisis started in 2008, a total of 67 entrepreneurs sought advice with the European Centre of Managerial Studies in Business Administration of the Spiru Haret University in Bucharest in order to find alternatives to finance classic loans that could enable them perform their...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10011820184

Sacrificing the Utility of Counter-Guarantees and Counter Standby Letters of Credit for International Infrastructure Projects by Neglecting the Virtues of Strict Adherence to the Independence Principle : American Express Bank Ltd. v. Banco Espanol De Credito

Kuznetsov, Andrey V. - 2014

United States District Court for the Southern District of New York's ruling in American Express Bank Ltd. v. Banco Espanol de Credito unduly circumscribed the independence principle by making the ability of local banks to obtain payment under their counter-guarantees/counter-standbys be...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013043046

Commercial Instruments : Bank Guarantee and Letter of Credit

Jain, Sankalp - 2014

The paper examines the nature and scope of bank guarantee system and letter of credit in India. This paper is a doctrinal study which covers the law relating to the bank guarantees particularly embodied in the Indian Contract Act 1872, highlights the economic functions and benefits of the bank,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013051785

The Role of Documentary Letters of Credit in International Sale Contract

Soni, Puja - 2014

International sale contract encompasses in itself several contracts, for example letter of credit contract (LOC). It is entered between the purchaser and the issuing bank. International trade law governing LOC is Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP600) that are widely...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014146566

Non-Documentary Sales Replacing Letters of Credit : Effects of Information Technology, Supply Chain, and Export Credit Insurance

Park, Kunseo - 2014

It is an undeniable notion that international traders have used letters of credit (LCs) as a basic form of trade payment, causing them to be called the lifeblood of international commerce. Their status, however, has been significantly undermined by the drastic shift from LCs to non-LCs in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014041486

International trade, risk and the role of banks

Niepmann, Friederike; Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Tim - 2014

Banks play a critical role in facilitating international trade by guaranteeing international payments and thereby reducing the risk of trade transactions. This paper employs banking data from the U.S. to document new empirical patterns regarding the use of letters of credit and similar bank...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10010346495

No guarantees, no trade : how banks affect export patterns

Niepmann, Friederike; Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Tim - 2014

This study provides evidence that shocks to the supply of trade finance have a causal effect on U.S. exports. The identification strategy exploits variation in the importance of banks as providers of letters of credit across countries. The larger a U.S. bank's share of the trade finance market...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10010249641

Show one more version 1

No guarantees, no trade : how banks affect export patterns

Niepmann, Friederike; Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Tim - 2013

Book / Working Paper

International trade finance from the origins to the present : market structures, regulation, and governance

Accominotti, Olivier; Ugolini, Stefano - 2019

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012140213

Why did the terms of payment in international trade change so much?

Hwang, Sangyeon; Im, Hye-jun - 2019

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012204276

Nareerux Redux : The Ontario Court of Appeal Fashions Novel Letter of Credit Law

Dolan, John - 2013

This paper discusses issues raised by what one must hope is the now infamous case of Nareerux Import Co. v. Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, which the Ontario Court of Appeal has now affirmed in large part. This commentator's criticism of the Ontario Superior Court's judgment appeared at 24...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013082177

Do community banks contribute to international trade? : evidence from U.S. data

Holod, Dmytro; Torna, Gökhan - 2018

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10012127625

Letters of Credit : A Theory on the Legal Basis of the Payment Obligation of Issuing Bank

Biswas, Liton Chandra - 2012

It is argued that, to a businessman nothing is simpler than an irrevocable letter of credit transaction; he or she never thinks about the nature of the obligation incurred by the issuing bank. However, significant uncertainty, ambiguity as to the nature of the obligation arises when lawyers,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de, ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10013107488