This paper characterizes optimal education and population policies within a continuous-time overlapping generations (OLG) framework where fertility, schooling duration, and health expenditures are endogenous. In this model, mortality risk is driven by a negative congestion effect from population...

Ab dem Schuljahr 2029/2030 wird dieser dann in allen Jahrgangsstufen der Grundschulen gelten. Sämtliche ostdeutschen Länder und Hamburg werden diesen ohne weiteren Ausbau ihrer Betreuungsinfrastrukturen erfüllen können. Zwar gibt es hier noch kleine Lücken zwischen den von den Eltern...

Decline in the school-age population due to demographic changes presents an opportunity to redirect resources within the education sector to improve access and quality. However, the experiences of countries that have gone through similar demographic transitions show that a shrinking student...

This paper examines whether Ghana's education reforms have increased intergenerational education mobility. Using the newly constructed Ghana Education and Labour Series-a harmonized dataset combining multiple rounds of the Ghana Living Standards Survey-we track intergenerational education...

This study examines the efficiency and productivity of public education expenditure in 20 countries using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index over the period 2011-2023. Focusing on science and mathematics performance at the primary and lower-secondary levels, the...

Attaining education sustainability is indeed important as it ensures the overall economic sustainability of countries and it is directly connected with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-4). However, the literature evidence on the determinants of education sustainability is...

The main purpose of this study is to assess the effect of current public expenditure on education and human capital on economic growth in Central America between 1992 and 2021. In this context, data on education spending and human capital for Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and...

There has been considerable recent debate about the terms of 'Plan 2' student loans, which were issued to 11 cohorts of English undergraduate university students: those who started their courses between academic years 2012/13 and 2022/23.1 We have written before about how these student loans...

Public services play an important role in supporting households' well-being and their members' life chances. This is especially true for low- and middle-income households, for whom the in-kind services received represent a larger share of overall consumption and for whom equivalent private...

Public services play an important role in supporting households' well-being and their residents' life chances. This is especially true for low- and middle-income households, for whom the in-kind services received represent a larger share of overall consumption, and for whom equivalent private...

School districts across the U.S. have adopted funding policies designed to distribute resources more equitably across schools. However, schools are also increasing external fundraising efforts to supplement district budget allocations. We document the interaction between funding policies and...

Using the Timor-Leste Survey of Living Standards, we show that the household education spending on girls was higher than for boys in the period following independence. This pattern contrasts with that in the neighboring and politically interrelated country of Indonesia. We explore how religious...

This study explores the relevance of education in reducing poverty in Egypt's rural and urban areas.The study applies the logistic model to Analyse Household Income Expenditure survey data.The results indicate that spending on education in urban regions is higher than in rural areas. Second, the...

Digital technologies are increasingly important for delivering inclusive, resilient, and high-quality education, yet financing their effective deployment remains a key constraint in many low- and middle-income countries). This paper examines the scale of investment needed to achieve universal...

This study examines how national public funding and macroeconomic conditions affect higher education performance, measured by graduation rates. A panel dataset covering 2013-2022 and ten Lithuanian public universities integrates economic, financial, and institutional variables. Lithuania applies...

As college attainment expanded in the U.S., the fraction of public funds allocated to selective colleges and universities declined. Does this make sense from an efficiency standpoint, given that the majority of college entrants face the highest financial returns at selective colleges? Should the...

Educational outcomes in Belgium are comparable to peers but achieved at a higher cost. The public wage bill for education is higher than in peers, reflecting smaller student-to-teacher ratios and less teaching time. Yet, Belgium experiences teacher shortages. Reforms should aim at increasing the...

To achieve their national and international education goals, many countries need to invest more and better in their education systems. During the last decade, total education spending by governments, households, and donors globally has increased steadily, but this has not led to significant...

This study investigates whether public education expenditure crowds out or complements health investment in influencing life expectancy across 158 countries from 1990 to 2023. Graphical analysis shows that in high-income countries, health expenditure consistently exceeds education spending,...

One of the essential preconditions for economic development across various sectors is education, which plays a significant role in fostering economic growth. This article examines the impact of educational expenditures on the effectiveness of factors influencing industrial value added in Iran...

In this paper we verify and quantify the convergence trend of public social expenditure at European Union level (27 countries), as well as between Western European (WE) and Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries between 1995 and 2022, structured on the three social sectors (health care,...

A tight budgetary situation in Lithuania forces the Government to seek savings, plan financial resources carefully, and monitor their use closely. As a result, municipalities - which are responsible for im‑ plementing several delegated functions - are often viewed unfavourably by the central...

Purpose - This study explored how institutional quality influences the relationship between military spending and education in Africa. Design/methodology/approach - This study used data from 43 African countries spanning the years 2000-2021. Two estimation methods were employed to address...

Higher education (HE) funding mechanisms in the European Union (EU) are undergoing substantial reform, with universities facing increasing pressure to improve performance outcomes under constrained public budgets. This study analyses how the design of HE funding mechanisms-specifically, the...

This paper gauges public spending efficiency on human and physical capital formation using non-parametric methods. Input-inefficiency and output-inefficiency are scored across 195 countries using 2010-2020 data. The consistent methodology allows within-country comparison of efficiency across...

At just under £8 billion, spending on schools and childcare is the second-largest area of public service spending in Scotland, behind spending on health. While councils rather than the Scottish Government itself determine how much to spend on schools, they do so in the context of a funding and...