The paper reports the first experimental study on people's fairness views on extreme income inequalities arising from winner-take-all reward structures. We find that the majority of participants consider extreme income inequality generated in winner-take-all situations as fair, independent of...

The paper reports the first experimental study on people's fairness views on extreme income inequalities arising from winner-take-all reward structures. We find that the majority of participants consider extreme income inequality generated in winner-take-all situations as fair, independent of...

Die Disparitätsmessung hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten als Forschungsgegenstand und Anwendungsgebiet der Statistik eine ständig wachsende Bedeutung erlangt. Die bekanntesten Instrumente der klassischen Disparitätsmessung sind die Lorenzkurve und der Gini-Koeffizient. In der Arbeit wird...

The paper reports the first experimental study on people's fairness views on extreme income inequalities arising from winner-take-all reward structures. We find that the majority of participants consider extreme income inequality generated in winner-take-all situations as fair, independent of...

Die Entwicklung der schweizerischen Volkswirtschaft ist stark von der Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte geprägt. Strukturelle Veränderungen im Migrationsangebot und in der Migrationsnachfrage haben dazu geführt, daß die schweizerische Migrationspolitik vor großen Herausforderungen...

Die Ausgestaltung von Transfers bei Arbeitslosigkeit, Krankheit, Invalidität, Arbeitsunfällen und Berufskrankheiten sowie Leistungen der Mindestsicherung weist in europäischen Ländern Unterschiede auf. Daher liegt es nahe zu analysieren, ob diese Transfers unterschiedliche Umverteilung im...

Durch die demographischen und ökonomischen Entwicklungen der letzten Dekaden sind Zweifel an der Tragfähigkeit der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung (GRV) laut geworden. Die Rufe nach einer Neugestaltung sind in keinem Zweig der Sozialversicherung so deutlich wie in der GRV. Ökonomische...

Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche verteilungs- und beschäftigungsrelevanten Folgen mit einer breiten Einführung von Investivlohn- und Gewinnbeteiligungsmodellen verbunden sind und inwieweit diese Entgeltarten somit eine brauchbare Antwort auf die aktuell bestehenden...

Poverty and inequality remain extremely high for Cameroon despite improvements in poverty figures between 1996 and 2001. To understand the dynamics of poverty and inequality between 1996 and 2001, this book develops a poverty and inequality profile, investigates the sources of inequality along...

Since the Second World War the world has seen an economic growth spurt unprecedented in history. Economic growth is a necessary but not sufficient condition for improving human development, or in other words, economic growth is an important pre-requisite for the ultimate goal of human...

The causes and consequences of high inequality in incomes, assets, and many aspects of well-being in Latin America have recently (re-)emerged as a central research and policy issue. However, many open questions remain that will be dealt with in the contributions to this volume. First, the...

Die Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil im staatlichen Umverteilungssystem. Dennoch wurde ihren Umverteilungswirkungen sowohl in der politischen Diskussion als auch in der wissenschaftlichen Forschung bisher wenig Beachtung geschenkt. In dieser Arbeit soll daher...

The impact of growth on the distribution of income or consumption is regularly debated at both the scientific and policy levels. Within the micro-oriented literature dedicated to growth pro-poorness evaluation issues, the focus is specifically on the poverty impacts of growth. Considering a...

The arguments that the alarming level of Gini coefficient is 0.4 are widely reported. However, to the authors' knowledge, it is not based upon any rigid economic theories. In this paper, they show that Rawls' fairness is compatible with the standard model of competitive markets. This finding...

We introduce a new class of generalized measures of relative deprivation. The class takes the form of a power mean of order p . A characteristic of the class is that depending on the value of the proximity-sensitive parameter p , the class is capable of accommodating both a decreasing weight...

We analyze the effects of automation on the wages of high-skilled and low- skilled workers and thereby on the evolution of wage inequality. Our model explains the simultaneous presence of i) increasing per capita GDP, ii) de-clining real wages of low-skilled workers, and iii) an increasing...

This paper provides a novel analysis of the trend in income inequality in the United States between 1979-2013. There are two ways in which this paper contributes to the literature. First, I analyze how much of the existing inequality in the U.S. is due to the demographic changes that happened...

A key aspect defining the contemporary income distribution is the (increasing) share the top holds compared to the rest. This paper shows that income concentration increases towards the very top of the distribution, while the shares the middle- and upper-middle-income groups hold remain stable...

The cumulative growth rate of the German economy since reunification would have been around two percentage points higher if income inequality had remained constant. This is whatsimulations using the DIW Macroeconomic Model have shown. They were made under the assumption that the income...

This paper argues that after a quarter century of sharp and sustained increase, Chinese inequality is now plateauing and even turning down. The argument is made using a range of data sources and a range of measures and perspectives on inequality. The evolution of inequality is further examined...

This paper explores the question of structural transformation and income distribution through the eyes of the pioneer in such analysis, Simon Kuznets. It argues that his 1955 paper stands the test of time in providing insights which are relevant to understanding current phenomena like the...

Non-communicable diseases represent one of the greatest challenges for health policymakers. The main objective of this study is to analyse the development of standardised mortality rates for cerebrovascular disease, which is one of the most common causes of deaths, in relation to income...

The aim of this research is to provide novel evidence regarding the functioning of the Nordic model of economic development and the robustness of its institutions. At first, the paper defines a conceptual analytical framework identifying the key features of the model for the Nordic economies...

Should public investment be targeted to big cities or to small towns, if the objective is to minimize national poverty? To answer this policy question we extend the basic Todaro-type model of rural-urban migration to the case of migration from rural areas to two potential destinations, secondary...

This paper examines the relationship between infrastructure development and income inequality in urban People's Republic of China. Recent policies target reductions in income inequality while increasing sustainable urban development. Infrastructure investment plays a key role in achieving both...

Income distribution is perceived to affect crime (Becker 1968; Thurow 1971; Merlo 2003). Consequently, economists have been modeling crime-employing inequality indicators as one of the explanatory variables, yielding mixed results. This paper argues that income polarization rather than inequality should...

The Gini coefficient of labor earnings in Brazil fell by nearly a fifth between 1995 and 2012, from 0.50 to 0.41. The decline in earnings inequality was even larger by other measures, with the 90-10 percentile ratio falling by almost 40 percent. Although the conventional explanation of a falling...

We study the link between tax progressivity and top income shares. Using variation from large-scale Western tax reforms in the 1980s and 1990s and the novel synthetic control method, we find large and lasting boosting impacts on top income shares from the progressivity reductions. Effects are...