Improving the energy efficiency of residential buildings is of paramount importance to reduce CO2 emissions and hence to achieve a climate-neutral building stock - the objective of the German government for 2045. Thereby, a focus on the existing building stock is needed, as regulations for new...

The global energy crisis that began in fall 2021 and the following spike in energy price constitute a major challenge for the world economy which risks undermining the post-COVID-19 recovery. In this paper, we develop and validate a new macroeconomic agent-based model with an endogenous energy...

Purpose: The cost and environmental impact of energy is driving better quantification of energy utilization in a business context. Determining an entire business electrical energy usage, inclusive of core operations and support activities, in a singular evaluation protocol is a challenge. The...

It has been almost 40 years since Chile reformed its electricity sector. In 1982, the Electricity Act created an energy market for generators and large customers to negotiate supply contracts. It also established a centralized dispatch of power plants in ascending order of generation cost,...

We analyse the drivers of European Power Exchange (EPEX) retail electricity prices between 2012 and early 2022 using machine learning. The agnostic random forest approach that we use is able to reduce in-sample root mean square errors (RMSEs) by around 50% when compared to a standard linear...

Lack of cooling and cold-chain access is a critical development challenge that has significant implications for people's livelihoods, productivity, health, food, and nutritional security. While business-as-usual demand projections suggest 19 new cooling appliances will be sold every second by...

This paper evaluates the effect of energy trade networks on the price volatility of coal, oil, natural gas, and electricity. This research conducts a longitudinal analysis using a time series of static coal trade networks to generate a dynamic trade network. It uses the component causality index...

This paper examines how enhanced flexibility across space, time, and a regulatory dimension affects the economic costs and CO2 emissions of integrating large shares of intermittent renewable energy from wind and solar. We develop a numerical model which resolves hourly dispatch and investment...

This paper discusses contributions that industrial organization economists have made to our understanding of energy markets and environmental regulation. We emphasize the substantive contributions of recent papers while also highlighting how this literature has adopted and sometimes augmented...

We show that modifying the standard neoclassical growth model by assuming that competition is imperfect makes it easier to explain the size of the declines in output and real wages that follow increases in the price of oil. Plausibly parameterized models of this type are able to mimic the...

Technical features of the electricity industry, together with the ideological climate that prevailed after World War II, led to nationalisation. Over time, it became clear that the arguments for nationalisation were unconvincing. Firstly, changes in technology led to the ability to produce...

We study energy futures option returns for crude oil, natural gas, heating oil, and gasoline. Average call and put returns are negative at short maturities, more so for OTM options, and increase with maturity. Put returns are less negative than call returns, but this is not the case for...

This report analyses the interaction of the pilot Emissions Trading System (ETS) and the electricity market in Mexico. It does so along two main questions: a) How do ETS design features affect the environmental effectiveness of the system and the quality of the carbon price signal? b) How do...

To reach climate targets, future energy systems must rely heavily on variable renewable energy sources (VRES) such as wind and photovoltaic (PV). As the share of VRES increases, the topics of flexibility and the smart interplay of different flexibility options grow in importance. One way to...

Quantity and price risks determine key uncertainties market participants face in electricity markets with increased volatility, for instance due to high shares of renewables. In the time from day-ahead until real-time, there lies a large variation in best available information, such as between...

This paper adds a fresh angle to the on-going debate on the potential negative employment effect of environmental policy by bringing to the fore a key factor that directly regulates its magnitude: the elasticity of substitution between labor and energy. Using firm-level data from the French...

This work proposes a model of electrical energy demand based on time series methods and semi-nonparametric statistics (SNP). This allows knowing not only the expected value of the demand but also its probability distribution so that, by calculating metrics such as the Quantile Risk Metrics,...

Participation of nondispatchable renewable energy resources (RER) such as wind turbines (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) systems is one of the main challenges of these clean energy resources. Due to the uncertain nature of these resources, predictions of their amount of power in the day-ahead market...