This paper considers potential import routes for low-carbon and renewable hydrogen (H2) to main European markets like Germany. In particular, it analyses claims made by Hydrogen Europe and subsequently picked up by the European Commission in its Hydrogen Strategy that there will be 40GW of...

Sanctions and their effectiveness are at the centre of the discussion about an appropriate response to Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. At the latest since the atrocities of the war became evident and payment for gas supplies in roubles was brought into play, voices calling for a...

As Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues, more and more people are calling for a ban on Russian energy imports. The proponents argue that abstaining from importing billions worth of coal, oil and gas will further increase the pressure on the Kremlin. Critics, however, including German...

In the past two years, the world has changed and global crises (e. g. the COVID-19 pandemic, war in Ukraine) increasingly dominate the headline. Decades of certainties no longer apply, risks and uncertainties are increasing, challenges are becoming more complex and at the same time require...

The Russian war of aggression against Ukraine since 24 February 2022 has intensified the discussion of Europe's reliance on energy imports from Russia. A ban on Russian imports of oil, natural gas and coal has already been imposed by the United States, while the United Kingdom plans to cease...

The Russian war on Ukraine and Germany's dependence on Russian gas require a rethink of German energy supplies. While there is a heated debate about an immediate energy embargo, Russia could also stop its supplies at any time. To date, Germany has purchased around 55 percent of its natural gas...

The global energy crisis that began in fall 2021 and the following spike in energy price constitute a major challenge for the world economy which risks undermining the post-COVID-19 recovery. In this paper, we develop and validate a new macroeconomic agent-based model with an endogenous energy...

This paper contains 20 short articles which outline the views of OIES research fellows on some of the key themes for the global energy economy in 2022. Starting with views on the short-term outlook for oil, electricity and gas markets, the articles move on to cover LNG supply and Russian export...

Purpose: The cost and environmental impact of energy is driving better quantification of energy utilization in a business context. Determining an entire business electrical energy usage, inclusive of core operations and support activities, in a singular evaluation protocol is a challenge. The...

Women bear a disproportionate share of the health and time burden associated with lack of access to modern energy. We study the impact of clean energy access on adult health and labour supply outcomes by exploiting a nationwide rollout of a clean cooking fuel program in Indonesia. We find that...

Electrical sustainability is a foundation for urbanization and industrialization. Over the past three decades, Pakistan has been convulsed by electricity shortages that at times have reached over 10-15% of total demand; Therefore, we initiated an effort to explore and understand recurrent energy...

Although electricity grids shape and define both political and economic spaces, the geopolitical significance of electricity remains underestimated. In political communities and beyond, such grids establish new channels for projecting geopolitical influence and new spheres of influence. In the...

We conduct a hybrid scenario exercise to analyze decarbonization pathways of the European power market and related distributional effects across countries as well as between consumers and producers. Our CIB analysis reveals qualitative scenarios that differ in the level of political (stringency...

Western powers have discussed and implemented several policies in response to the full scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. One such possible answer was an immediate embargo on all Russian energy exports to the EU. While seen as a strong measure against Russia's war effort, some...

The regulatory bodies responsible for oversight of investor-owned energy utilities are ill-equipped to regulate climate adaptation in the energy sector; but they may be the only institutions with authority to do so. In 2018, the California Public Utilities Commission initiated the first...

In the transition to decarbonized energy systems, Power-to-Gas (PtG) processes have the potential to connect the existing markets for electricity and hydrogen. Specifically, reversible PtG systems can convert electricity to hydrogen at times of ample power supply, yet they can also operate in...

The global strategic priorities articulated in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7,Affordable and Clean Energy, underscore a narrative of two “economies” and the consciousevolution of political prioritization in economic structuring. SDG 7 represents an aspiration tomove away from the...

The global energy market is going through the unprecedented change. Ability to identify what driving forces will be transforming the markets in coming decades and shape the future of energy is a key for policymakers and industry in developing better working strategies. At the same time, the...

This paper discusses the political, regulatory and economic factors that led to California's electricity crisis in 2000 and 2001. It begins with a discussion of the origins of California's electricity restructuring and competition programs. It then discusses the structure of the wholesale and...

While the benefits and advantages of using renewable energies are remarkable, and their prices have been decreasing dramatically and are expected to fall further, the diffusion and adoption of renewable energies still lag behind fossil energies. This paper improves our understanding regarding...

In the industrial sector, improvement in energy efficiency is indicated via a reduction in energy intensity. Accordingly, improvements in energy efficiency implies production of more goods and services using the same amount of energy inputs or production of the same amounts of goods and services...

U.S. colleges and universities have for some time joined the privatization movement where university functions and assets are turned over to private contractors. Here we present a case of a 50-year comprehensive energy concession agreement by The Ohio State University that generated an up-front...

In this study, an index namely Carbon-Neutral Readiness Index (CNRI) is designed to compare the carbon-neutral readiness among China’s 30 provinces. The CNRI is decomposed into a hierarchical structure that combines four dimensions and associated 19 quantitative indicators. Several indicators...

Obesity is a major health concern in both developed and developing nations. Yet, evidence on the determinants of obesity is relatively limited. We contribute to the literature on the determinants of obesity by empirically examining the effects of energy poverty on obesity.Using 14 waves of the...

We use the 2012-2018 China Family Panel Studies data to examine the relationship between household energy poverty and an individual’s probability of becoming an entrepreneur. Consistent with the theory of underdog entrepreneurship that negative personal circumstances can foster self-reliance,...

We consider welfare-optimal investment in and operation of electric power systems with constant returns to scale in multiple available generation and storage technologies under perfect foresight. We extend a number of classic results on generation, derive conditions for investment and operations...