The sustainable competitive advantage of incumbent firms has been widely discussed, but its relation to the integral processes incorporated into product design and production remains poorly understood. This study investigates how differences in product architecture, that is, the presence of an...

Gender gaps in labor market outcomes persist in South Asia. An open question is whether supply- or demand-side constraints play a larger role. This paper investigates this using matched data from three sources in Lahore, Pakistan: representative samples of jobseekers and employers,...

This factsheet provides an overview of this European Universities alliance, including on its partners, focus areas, vision and activities undertaken. It relates to the pioneering new learning opportunities across borders developed by the alliance, the innovative European inter-university campus...

This factsheet provides an overview of this European Universities alliance, including on its partners, focus areas, vision and activities undertaken. It relates to the pioneering new learning opportunities across borders developed by the alliance, the innovative European inter-university campus...

This Handbook is intended to act as a reference for those agri-food producers planning for, or in the process of entering, the Vietnamese market. This Handbook provides step-by-step guides on entering the agri-food market in Vietnam including relevant information such as analysis of the...

We consider a market in which a platform hosts third-party monopolistic complementors. Users are segmented into single-use and multi-use consumers, and services exhibit network externalities. In the agency model, the presence of multi-use consumers leads complementors to set inefficiently high...

This paper characterizes the short- and long-run Cournot equilibrium with heterogeneous firms and stochastic technological change. In our model, firms have different technologies with heterogeneous fixed and variable costs and various degrees of markups. In a framework with homogeneous firms,...

Siniora Food Industries of Palestine was facing a strategic dilemma. They had sold packaged meats for over 100 years in a challenging and risky environment. Siniora had carved a path of growth, expansion, and development, showcasing the power of endurance. Initially sold by local shopkeepers,...

Policies supporting small businesses are popular among policymakers but often criticised by economists for their potential to distort the economy. This paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of a unique policy that subsidises the first employee. Empirically, we find that the policy led to a...

This paper studies the interaction between the decrease in the gender pay gap and the stagnation in the careers of younger workers, analyzing data from the United States, Italy, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Our findings highlight the importance of labor-market entry to understand the...

Many auctions and procurement contests entail nontrivial bidding costs, which makes the bidders’ participation decisions endogenous to the auction design. We analyze the effect of different auction rules on potential bidders’ incentives to participate. We focus on first-price auctions with...

This paper examines the welfare implications of priority service in a frictional search environment with heterogeneous outside options. Priority search facilitates expedited matching with public options in the market by charging a service premium. Our main analysis demonstrates that a...

Digital therapeutics are increasingly used to complement traditional health care. In a pioneering move, Germany became the first country to introduce a structured regulatory framework — known as the DiGA scheme — that enables developers of digital therapeutics to be reimbursed in the...

This study constructs a model of exclusive-offer competition between two existing up-stream firms. Under exclusive-offer competition, the upstream firm's profit depends on the rival's exclusive offer. If the rival makes an exclusive offer acceptable for the downstream firm, the upstream firm is...